feat: support PostgreSQL 18 RETURNING OLD/NEW

src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/schema/Column.java

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
-
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.ArrayConstructor;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.Expression;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.ExpressionVisitor;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.operators.relational.SupportsOldOracleJoinSyntax;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.parser.ASTNodeAccessImpl;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.ReturningReferenceType;
 
 /**
  * A column. It can have the table name it belongs to.
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ public class Column extends ASTNodeAccessImpl implements Expression, MultiPartNa
     private ArrayConstructor arrayConstructor;
     private String tableDelimiter = ".";
     private int oldOracleJoinSyntax = SupportsOldOracleJoinSyntax.NO_ORACLE_JOIN;
+    private ReturningReferenceType returningReferenceType = null;
+    private String returningQualifier = null;
 
     // holds the physical table when resolved against an actual schema information
     private Table resolvedTable = null;
@@ -215,7 +217,9 @@ public String getUnquotedName() {
     public String getFullyQualifiedName(boolean aliases) {
         StringBuilder fqn = new StringBuilder();
 
-        if (table != null) {
+        if (returningQualifier != null) {
+            fqn.append(returningQualifier);
+        } else if (table != null) {
             if (table.getAlias() != null && aliases) {
                 fqn.append(table.getAlias().getName());
             } else {
@@ -284,6 +288,31 @@ public Column withOldOracleJoinSyntax(int oldOracleJoinSyntax) {
         return this;
     }
 
+    public ReturningReferenceType getReturningReferenceType() {
+        return returningReferenceType;
+    }
+
+    public Column setReturningReferenceType(ReturningReferenceType returningReferenceType) {
+        this.returningReferenceType = returningReferenceType;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public String getReturningQualifier() {
+        return returningQualifier;
+    }
+
+    public Column setReturningQualifier(String returningQualifier) {
+        this.returningQualifier = returningQualifier;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public Column withReturningReference(ReturningReferenceType returningReferenceType,
+            String returningQualifier) {
+        this.returningReferenceType = returningReferenceType;
+        this.returningQualifier = returningQualifier;
+        return this;
+    }
+
     public String getCommentText() {
         return commentText;
     }

src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/ReturningClause.java

@@ -9,10 +9,18 @@
  */
 package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement;
 
-import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.select.SelectItem;
-
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.ExpressionVisitorAdapter;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.Column;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.MultiPartName;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.Table;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.select.AllTableColumns;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.select.SelectItem;
 
 /**
  * RETURNING clause according to <a href=
@@ -25,26 +33,39 @@ public class ReturningClause extends ArrayList<SelectItem<?>> {
      * List of output targets like Table or UserVariable
      */
     private final List<Object> dataItems;
+    private final List<ReturningOutputAlias> outputAliases;
     private Keyword keyword;
 
     public ReturningClause(Keyword keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems,
             List<Object> dataItems) {
+        this(keyword, selectItems, null, dataItems);
+    }
+
+    public ReturningClause(Keyword keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems,
+            List<ReturningOutputAlias> outputAliases, List<Object> dataItems) {
         this.keyword = keyword;
         this.addAll(selectItems);
+        this.outputAliases = outputAliases;
         this.dataItems = dataItems;
+        normalizeReturningReferences();
     }
 
     public ReturningClause(String keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems,
             List<Object> dataItems) {
         this(Keyword.from(keyword), selectItems, dataItems);
     }
 
+    public ReturningClause(String keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems,
+            List<ReturningOutputAlias> outputAliases, List<Object> dataItems) {
+        this(Keyword.from(keyword), selectItems, outputAliases, dataItems);
+    }
+
     public ReturningClause(Keyword keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems) {
-        this(keyword, selectItems, null);
+        this(keyword, selectItems, null, null);
     }
 
     public ReturningClause(String keyword, List<SelectItem<?>> selectItems) {
-        this(Keyword.valueOf(keyword), selectItems, null);
+        this(Keyword.from(keyword), selectItems, null, null);
     }
 
     public Keyword getKeyword() {
@@ -60,8 +81,22 @@ public List<?> getDataItems() {
         return dataItems;
     }
 
+    public List<ReturningOutputAlias> getOutputAliases() {
+        return outputAliases;
+    }
+
     public StringBuilder appendTo(StringBuilder builder) {
         builder.append(" ").append(keyword).append(" ");
+        if (outputAliases != null && !outputAliases.isEmpty()) {
+            builder.append("WITH (");
+            for (int i = 0; i < outputAliases.size(); i++) {
+                if (i > 0) {
+                    builder.append(", ");
+                }
+                builder.append(outputAliases.get(i));
+            }
+            builder.append(") ");
+        }
         for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
             if (i > 0) {
                 builder.append(", ");
@@ -86,6 +121,126 @@ public String toString() {
         return appendTo(new StringBuilder()).toString();
     }
 
+    private void normalizeReturningReferences() {
+        Map<QualifierKey, ReturningReferenceType> qualifierMap = buildQualifierMap();
+        if (qualifierMap.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ReturningReferenceNormalizer normalizer = new ReturningReferenceNormalizer(qualifierMap);
+        forEach(selectItem -> {
+            if (selectItem != null && selectItem.getExpression() != null) {
+                selectItem.getExpression().accept(normalizer, null);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private Map<QualifierKey, ReturningReferenceType> buildQualifierMap() {
+        LinkedHashMap<QualifierKey, ReturningReferenceType> qualifierMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+
+        if (outputAliases == null || outputAliases.isEmpty()) {
+            qualifierMap.put(QualifierKey.from("OLD"), ReturningReferenceType.OLD);
+            qualifierMap.put(QualifierKey.from("NEW"), ReturningReferenceType.NEW);
+            return qualifierMap;
+        }
+
+        for (ReturningOutputAlias outputAlias : outputAliases) {
+            if (outputAlias == null || outputAlias.getAlias() == null
+                    || outputAlias.getReferenceType() == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            qualifierMap.put(QualifierKey.from(outputAlias.getAlias()),
+                    outputAlias.getReferenceType());
+        }
+        return qualifierMap;
+    }
+
+    private static class ReturningReferenceNormalizer extends ExpressionVisitorAdapter<Void> {
+        private final Map<QualifierKey, ReturningReferenceType> qualifierMap;
+
+        ReturningReferenceNormalizer(Map<QualifierKey, ReturningReferenceType> qualifierMap) {
+            this.qualifierMap = qualifierMap;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <S> Void visit(Column column, S context) {
+            Table table = column.getTable();
+            String qualifier = extractSimpleQualifier(table);
+            if (qualifier == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            ReturningReferenceType referenceType = qualifierMap.get(QualifierKey.from(qualifier));
+            if (referenceType != null) {
+                column.withReturningReference(referenceType, qualifier);
+                column.setTable(null);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <S> Void visit(AllTableColumns allTableColumns, S context) {
+            Table table = allTableColumns.getTable();
+            String qualifier = extractSimpleQualifier(table);
+            if (qualifier == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            ReturningReferenceType referenceType = qualifierMap.get(QualifierKey.from(qualifier));
+            if (referenceType != null) {
+                allTableColumns.withReturningReference(referenceType, qualifier);
+                allTableColumns.setTable(null);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private String extractSimpleQualifier(Table table) {
+            if (table == null || table.getSchemaName() != null || table.getDatabaseName() != null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            String qualifier = table.getName();
+            if (qualifier == null || qualifier.contains("@")) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return qualifier;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class QualifierKey {
+        private final boolean quoted;
+        private final String normalizedIdentifier;
+
+        private QualifierKey(boolean quoted, String normalizedIdentifier) {
+            this.quoted = quoted;
+            this.normalizedIdentifier = normalizedIdentifier;
+        }
+
+        static QualifierKey from(String identifier) {
+            boolean quoted = MultiPartName.isQuoted(identifier);
+            String unquoted = MultiPartName.unquote(identifier);
+            if (!quoted && unquoted != null) {
+                unquoted = unquoted.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+            }
+            return new QualifierKey(quoted, unquoted);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (this == o) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (!(o instanceof QualifierKey)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            QualifierKey that = (QualifierKey) o;
+            return quoted == that.quoted
+                    && Objects.equals(normalizedIdentifier, that.normalizedIdentifier);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(quoted, normalizedIdentifier);
+        }
+    }
+
     public enum Keyword {
         RETURN, RETURNING;
 

src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/ReturningOutputAlias.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * JSQLParser library
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 - 2026 JSQLParser
+ * %%
+ * Dual licensed under GNU LGPL 2.1 or Apache License 2.0
+ * #L%
+ */
+package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+public class ReturningOutputAlias {
+    private ReturningReferenceType referenceType;
+    private String alias;
+
+    public ReturningOutputAlias(ReturningReferenceType referenceType, String alias) {
+        this.referenceType = referenceType;
+        this.alias = alias;
+    }
+
+    public ReturningReferenceType getReferenceType() {
+        return referenceType;
+    }
+
+    public ReturningOutputAlias setReferenceType(ReturningReferenceType referenceType) {
+        this.referenceType = referenceType;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public String getAlias() {
+        return alias;
+    }
+
+    public ReturningOutputAlias setAlias(String alias) {
+        this.alias = alias;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public StringBuilder appendTo(StringBuilder builder) {
+        return builder.append(referenceType).append(" AS ").append(alias);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return appendTo(new StringBuilder()).toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof ReturningOutputAlias)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        ReturningOutputAlias that = (ReturningOutputAlias) o;
+        return referenceType == that.referenceType && Objects.equals(alias, that.alias);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(referenceType, alias);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/ReturningReferenceType.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * JSQLParser library
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 - 2026 JSQLParser
+ * %%
+ * Dual licensed under GNU LGPL 2.1 or Apache License 2.0
+ * #L%
+ */
+package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement;
+
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.MultiPartName;
+
+public enum ReturningReferenceType {
+    OLD, NEW;
+
+    public static ReturningReferenceType from(String name) {
+        String unquoted = MultiPartName.unquote(name);
+        if (unquoted == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if ("OLD".equalsIgnoreCase(unquoted)) {
+            return OLD;
+        }
+        if ("NEW".equalsIgnoreCase(unquoted)) {
+            return NEW;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}