diff --git a/news/changelog-1.10.md b/news/changelog-1.10.md
index 86270480531..c9abec11908 100644
--- a/news/changelog-1.10.md
+++ b/news/changelog-1.10.md
@@ -19,4 +19,5 @@ All changes included in 1.10:
 ## Other fixes and improvements
 
 - ([#6651](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/6651)): Fix dart-sass compilation failing in enterprise environments where `.bat` files are blocked by group policy.
+- ([#14255](https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/14255)): Fix shortcodes inside inline and display math expressions not being resolved.
 
diff --git a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/shortcodes.lua b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/shortcodes.lua
index 32ad1128e69..9e3ee4c933a 100644
--- a/src/resources/filters/customnodes/shortcodes.lua
+++ b/src/resources/filters/customnodes/shortcodes.lua
@@ -325,6 +325,10 @@ function shortcodes_filter()
       doc = _quarto.ast.walk(doc, {
         Shortcode = inline_handler,
         RawInline = code_handler,
+        Math = function(el)
+          el.text = apply_code_shortcode(el.text)
+          return el
+        end,
         Image = function(el)
           el = attr_handler(el)
           el.src = apply_code_shortcode(el.src)
diff --git a/src/resources/pandoc/datadir/readqmd.lua b/src/resources/pandoc/datadir/readqmd.lua
index 2099edb4b33..30b4cc13dd4 100644
--- a/src/resources/pandoc/datadir/readqmd.lua
+++ b/src/resources/pandoc/datadir/readqmd.lua
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ local function readqmd(txt, opts)
     Code = unshortcode_text,
     RawInline = unshortcode_text,
     RawBlock = unshortcode_text,
+    Math = unshortcode_text,
     Header = filter_attrs,
     Span = filter_attrs,
     Div = filter_attrs,
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/shortcodes/shortcode-math.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/shortcodes/shortcode-math.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b60516ac5f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/shortcodes/shortcode-math.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+title: Shortcode in Math
+format: html
+five: 5
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    html:
+      ensureFileRegexMatches:
+        - ['5 \+ 5']
+        - ['b58fc729|7B7B3C']
+---
+
+Inline: $5 + {{< meta five >}}$
+
+Display: $$5 + {{< meta five >}}$$
+
+Plain: {{< meta five >}}