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Run-time Polymorphism

What it is

Calling an overridden method through a base class pointer/reference so C++ chooses the derived implementation at runtime.

Key Requirements

Base class method must be virtual
Derived class overrides with override
Usually use base pointer/reference in client code

Example in this folder

PaymentMethod is base interface
CreditCard, UPI, Cash are concrete implementations
checkout() accepts const PaymentMethod& and works with all methods

Interview Quick Line

"Run-time polymorphism enables flexible behavior selection at execution time via virtual functions and dynamic dispatch."