From 415546a0f23e30a4f8cfc94e5079d29b04284032 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Rafael Garcia <raf@kernel.sh>
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2026 18:23:43 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] Replace Playwright with Kernel native API in OpenAI CUA
 templates

Both TypeScript and Python OpenAI CUA templates now use Kernel's native
computer control API (screenshot, click, type, scroll, batch, etc.)
instead of Playwright over CDP. This enables the batch_computer_actions
tool which executes multiple actions in a single API call for lower
latency.

Key changes:
- New KernelComputer class wrapping Kernel SDK for all computer actions
- Added batch_computer_actions function tool with system instructions
- Navigation (goto/back/forward) via Kernel's playwright.execute endpoint
- Local test scripts create remote Kernel browsers without app deployment
- Removed playwright-core, sharp (TS) and playwright (Python) dependencies
- Bumped @onkernel/sdk to ^0.38.0 and kernel to >=0.38.0

Made-with: Cursor
---
 .../python/openai-computer-use/.env.example   |   3 +-
 .../python/openai-computer-use/README.md      |  23 +-
 .../python/openai-computer-use/agent/agent.py | 122 ++++-
 .../openai-computer-use/computers/__init__.py |   8 +-
 .../openai-computer-use/computers/computer.py |  14 +-
 .../openai-computer-use/computers/config.py   |   6 +-
 .../computers/default/__init__.py             |   2 -
 .../computers/default/kernel.py               |  48 --
 .../computers/default/local_playwright.py     |  54 ---
 .../computers/kernel_computer.py              | 178 ++++++++
 .../computers/shared/__init__.py              |   0
 .../computers/shared/base_playwright.py       | 154 -------
 .../python/openai-computer-use/main.py        |  92 ++--
 .../python/openai-computer-use/pyproject.toml |   5 +-
 .../python/openai-computer-use/test_local.py  |  70 +++
 .../python/openai-computer-use/utils.py       |  29 +-
 .../python/openai-computer-use/uv.lock        | 191 +-------
 .../openai-computer-use/.env.example          |   3 +-
 .../typescript/openai-computer-use/README.md  |  25 +-
 .../typescript/openai-computer-use/index.ts   |  20 +-
 .../openai-computer-use/lib/agent.ts          | 215 +++++----
 .../openai-computer-use/lib/computers.ts      |  28 --
 .../lib/kernel-computer.ts                    | 243 ++++++++++
 .../lib/playwright/base.ts                    | 242 ----------
 .../lib/playwright/kernel.ts                  |  43 --
 .../lib/playwright/local.ts                   |  43 --
 .../openai-computer-use/lib/toolset.ts        |  64 ++-
 .../openai-computer-use/lib/utils.ts          |  17 +-
 .../openai-computer-use/package.json          |  10 +-
 .../openai-computer-use/pnpm-lock.yaml        | 421 +++++++++---------
 .../openai-computer-use/test.local.ts         | 100 +++--
 31 files changed, 1190 insertions(+), 1283 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/__init__.py
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/kernel.py
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/local_playwright.py
 create mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/kernel_computer.py
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/__init__.py
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/base_playwright.py
 create mode 100644 pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/test_local.py
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/computers.ts
 create mode 100644 pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/kernel-computer.ts
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/base.ts
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/kernel.ts
 delete mode 100644 pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/local.ts

diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/.env.example b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/.env.example
index b74e0a29..3ff84207 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/.env.example
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/.env.example
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
-# Copy this file to .env and fill in your API key
+# Copy this file to .env and fill in your API keys
 OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_here
+KERNEL_API_KEY=your_kernel_api_key_here
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/README.md b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/README.md
index e45b15d4..f0227f8f 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/README.md
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,24 @@
 # Kernel Python Sample App - OpenAI Computer Use
 
-This is a Kernel application that demonstrates using the Computer Use Agent (CUA) from OpenAI.
+This is a Kernel application that demonstrates using the Computer Use Agent (CUA) from OpenAI with Kernel's native browser control API.
 
-It generally follows the [OpenAI CUA Sample App Reference](https://github.com/openai/openai-cua-sample-app) and uses Playwright via Kernel for browser automation.
+It uses Kernel's computer control endpoints (screenshot, click, type, scroll, batch, etc.) instead of Playwright, and includes a `batch_computer_actions` tool that executes multiple actions in a single API call for lower latency.
 
-See the [docs](https://www.kernel.sh/docs/quickstart) for more information.
\ No newline at end of file
+## Local testing
+
+You can test against a remote Kernel browser without deploying:
+
+```bash
+cp .env.example .env
+# Fill in OPENAI_API_KEY and KERNEL_API_KEY in .env
+uv run test_local.py
+```
+
+## Deploy to Kernel
+
+```bash
+kernel deploy main.py --env-file .env
+kernel invoke python-openai-cua cua-task -p '{"task":"go to https://news.ycombinator.com and list top 5 articles"}'
+```
+
+See the [docs](https://www.kernel.sh/docs/quickstart) for more information.
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/agent/agent.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/agent/agent.py
index d7f4267f..4a6dc5d1 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/agent/agent.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/agent/agent.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-from computers import Computer
+import json
+from typing import Callable
+from computers.kernel_computer import KernelComputer
 from utils import (
     create_response,
     show_image,
@@ -6,27 +8,75 @@
     sanitize_message,
     check_blocklisted_url,
 )
-import json
-from typing import Callable
 
+BATCH_FUNC_NAME = "batch_computer_actions"
 
-class Agent:
-    """
-    A sample agent class that can be used to interact with a computer.
+BATCH_INSTRUCTIONS = """You have two ways to perform actions:
+1. The standard computer tool — use for single actions when you need screenshot feedback after each step.
+2. batch_computer_actions — use to execute multiple actions at once when you can predict the outcome.
+
+ALWAYS prefer batch_computer_actions when performing predictable sequences like:
+- Clicking a text field, typing text, and pressing Enter
+- Typing a URL and pressing Enter
+- Any sequence where you don't need to see intermediate results"""
+
+BATCH_TOOL = {
+    "type": "function",
+    "name": BATCH_FUNC_NAME,
+    "description": (
+        "Execute multiple computer actions in sequence without waiting for "
+        "screenshots between them. Use this when you can predict the outcome of a "
+        "sequence of actions without needing intermediate visual feedback. After all "
+        "actions execute, a single screenshot is taken and returned.\n\n"
+        "PREFER this over individual computer actions when:\n"
+        "- Typing text followed by pressing Enter\n"
+        "- Clicking a field and then typing into it\n"
+        "- Any sequence where intermediate screenshots are not needed"
+    ),
+    "parameters": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {
+            "actions": {
+                "type": "array",
+                "description": "Ordered list of actions to execute",
+                "items": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "properties": {
+                        "type": {
+                            "type": "string",
+                            "enum": ["click", "double_click", "type", "keypress", "scroll", "move", "drag", "wait"],
+                        },
+                        "x": {"type": "number"},
+                        "y": {"type": "number"},
+                        "text": {"type": "string"},
+                        "keys": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                        "button": {"type": "string"},
+                        "scroll_x": {"type": "number"},
+                        "scroll_y": {"type": "number"},
+                    },
+                    "required": ["type"],
+                },
+            },
+        },
+        "required": ["actions"],
+    },
+    "strict": False,
+}
 
-    (See simple_cua_loop.py for a simple example without an agent.)
-    """
+
+class Agent:
+    """An agent that uses OpenAI CUA with Kernel's native computer control API."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
         model="computer-use-preview",
-        computer: Computer = None,
+        computer: KernelComputer = None,
         tools: list[dict] = [],
         acknowledge_safety_check_callback: Callable = lambda message: False,
     ):
         self.model = model
         self.computer = computer
-        self.tools = tools
+        self.tools = list(tools)
         self.print_steps = True
         self.debug = False
         self.show_images = False
@@ -41,6 +91,7 @@ def __init__(
                     "display_height": dimensions[1],
                     "environment": computer.get_environment(),
                 },
+                BATCH_TOOL,
                 {
                     "type": "function",
                     "name": "back",
@@ -75,6 +126,28 @@ def debug_print(self, *args):
         if self.debug:
             pp(*args)
 
+    def _execute_computer_action(self, action_type, action_args):
+        if action_type == "click":
+            self.computer.click(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "double_click":
+            self.computer.double_click(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "type":
+            self.computer.type(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "keypress":
+            self.computer.keypress(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "scroll":
+            self.computer.scroll(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "move":
+            self.computer.move(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "drag":
+            self.computer.drag(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "wait":
+            self.computer.wait(**action_args)
+        elif action_type == "screenshot":
+            pass
+        else:
+            print(f"Warning: unknown action type: {action_type}")
+
     def handle_item(self, item):
         """Handle each item; may cause a computer action + screenshot."""
         if item["type"] == "message":
@@ -86,14 +159,17 @@ def handle_item(self, item):
             if self.print_steps:
                 print(f"{name}({args})")
 
-            if hasattr(self.computer, name):  # if function exists on computer, call it
+            if name == BATCH_FUNC_NAME:
+                return self._handle_batch_call(item["call_id"], args)
+
+            if hasattr(self.computer, name):
                 method = getattr(self.computer, name)
                 method(**args)
             return [
                 {
                     "type": "function_call_output",
                     "call_id": item["call_id"],
-                    "output": "success",  # hard-coded output for demo
+                    "output": "success",
                 }
             ]
 
@@ -104,14 +180,12 @@ def handle_item(self, item):
             if self.print_steps:
                 print(f"{action_type}({action_args})")
 
-            method = getattr(self.computer, action_type)
-            method(**action_args)
+            self._execute_computer_action(action_type, action_args)
 
             screenshot_base64 = self.computer.screenshot()
             if self.show_images:
                 show_image(screenshot_base64)
 
-            # if user doesn't ack all safety checks exit with error
             pending_checks = item.get("pending_safety_checks", [])
             for check in pending_checks:
                 message = check["message"]
@@ -130,7 +204,6 @@ def handle_item(self, item):
                 },
             }
 
-            # additional URL safety checks for browser environments
             if self.computer.get_environment() == "browser":
                 current_url = self.computer.get_current_url()
                 check_blocklisted_url(current_url)
@@ -139,6 +212,21 @@ def handle_item(self, item):
             return [call_output]
         return []
 
+    def _handle_batch_call(self, call_id, args):
+        actions = args.get("actions", [])
+        self.computer.batch_actions(actions)
+        screenshot_base64 = self.computer.screenshot()
+        return [
+            {
+                "type": "function_call_output",
+                "call_id": call_id,
+                "output": json.dumps([
+                    {"type": "text", "text": "Actions executed successfully."},
+                    {"type": "image_url", "image_url": f"data:image/png;base64,{screenshot_base64}"},
+                ]),
+            }
+        ]
+
     def run_full_turn(
         self, input_items, print_steps=True, debug=False, show_images=False
     ):
@@ -147,7 +235,6 @@ def run_full_turn(
         self.show_images = show_images
         new_items = []
 
-        # keep looping until we get a final response
         while new_items[-1].get("role") != "assistant" if new_items else True:
             self.debug_print([sanitize_message(msg) for msg in input_items + new_items])
 
@@ -156,6 +243,7 @@ def run_full_turn(
                 input=input_items + new_items,
                 tools=self.tools,
                 truncation="auto",
+                instructions=BATCH_INSTRUCTIONS,
             )
             self.debug_print(response)
 
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/__init__.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/__init__.py
index 0e8c132d..843071d0 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/__init__.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/__init__.py
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-from . import default
-from . import contrib
+from .kernel_computer import KernelComputer
 from .computer import Computer
-from .config import computers_config
 
 __all__ = [
-    "default",
-    "contrib",
+    "KernelComputer",
     "Computer",
-    "computers_config",
 ]
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/computer.py
index 80986509..8b389459 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/computer.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/computer.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-from typing import Protocol, List, Literal, Dict
+from typing import Protocol, List, Literal, Dict, Any
 
 
 class Computer(Protocol):
-    """Defines the 'shape' (methods/properties) our loop expects."""
+    """Defines the shape (methods/properties) the agent loop expects."""
 
     def get_environment(self) -> Literal["windows", "mac", "linux", "browser"]: ...
 
@@ -26,4 +26,12 @@ def keypress(self, keys: List[str]) -> None: ...
 
     def drag(self, path: List[Dict[str, int]]) -> None: ...
 
-    def get_current_url() -> str: ...
+    def batch_actions(self, actions: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None: ...
+
+    def goto(self, url: str) -> None: ...
+
+    def back(self) -> None: ...
+
+    def forward(self) -> None: ...
+
+    def get_current_url(self) -> str: ...
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/config.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/config.py
index 4bf314c4..28a9b7ee 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/config.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/config.py
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-from .default import *
-from .contrib import *
+from .kernel_computer import KernelComputer
 
 computers_config = {
-    "local-playwright": LocalPlaywrightBrowser,
-    "kernel": KernelPlaywrightBrowser,
+    "kernel": KernelComputer,
 }
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/__init__.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 5e168f70..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-from .local_playwright import LocalPlaywrightBrowser
-from .kernel import KernelPlaywrightBrowser
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/kernel.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/kernel.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 5fbb7e5b..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/kernel.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-from playwright.sync_api import Browser, Page
-from ..shared.base_playwright import BasePlaywrightComputer
-
-class KernelPlaywrightBrowser(BasePlaywrightComputer):
-    """
-    Connects to a remote Chromium instance using a provided CDP URL.
-    Expects a dict as input: {'cdp_ws_url': ..., 'width': ..., 'height': ...}
-    Width and height are optional, defaulting to 1024x768.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, config: dict):
-        super().__init__()
-        self.cdp_ws_url = config.get("cdp_ws_url")
-        if not self.cdp_ws_url:
-            raise ValueError("cdp_ws_url must be provided in config dict")
-        self.width = config.get("width", 1024)
-        self.height = config.get("height", 768)
-        self.dimensions = (self.width, self.height)
-
-    def get_dimensions(self):
-        return self.dimensions
-
-    def _get_browser_and_page(self) -> tuple[Browser, Page]:
-        # Connect to the remote browser using the CDP URL
-        browser = self._playwright.chromium.connect_over_cdp(self.cdp_ws_url)
-        context = browser.contexts[0] if browser.contexts else browser.new_context()
-        page = context.pages[0] if context.pages else context.new_page()
-        page.set_viewport_size({"width": self.width, "height": self.height})
-        page.on("close", self._handle_page_close)
-        # Optionally, navigate to a default page
-        # page.goto("about:blank")
-        return browser, page
-
-    def _handle_new_page(self, page: Page):
-        """Handle the creation of a new page."""
-        print("New page created")
-        self._page = page
-        page.on("close", self._handle_page_close)
-
-    def _handle_page_close(self, page: Page):
-        """Handle the closure of a page."""
-        print("Page closed")
-        if hasattr(self, "_browser") and self._page == page:
-            if self._browser.contexts[0].pages:
-                self._page = self._browser.contexts[0].pages[-1]
-            else:
-                print("Warning: All pages have been closed.")
-                self._page = None
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/local_playwright.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/local_playwright.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 6810f34b..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/default/local_playwright.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-from playwright.sync_api import Browser, Page
-from ..shared.base_playwright import BasePlaywrightComputer
-
-
-class LocalPlaywrightBrowser(BasePlaywrightComputer):
-    """Launches a local Chromium instance using Playwright."""
-
-    def __init__(self, headless: bool = False):
-        super().__init__()
-        self.headless = headless
-
-    def _get_browser_and_page(self) -> tuple[Browser, Page]:
-        width, height = self.get_dimensions()
-        launch_args = [
-            f"--window-size={width},{height}",
-            "--disable-extensions",
-            "--disable-file-system",
-        ]
-        browser = self._playwright.chromium.launch(
-            chromium_sandbox=True,
-            headless=self.headless,
-            args=launch_args,
-            env={"DISPLAY": ":0"},
-        )
-
-        context = browser.contexts[0] if browser.contexts else browser.new_context()
-
-
-        # Add event listeners for page creation and closure
-        context.on("page", self._handle_new_page)
-
-        page = context.pages[0] if context.pages else context.new_page()
-        page.set_viewport_size({"width": width, "height": height})
-        page.on("close", self._handle_page_close)
-
-        # page.goto("about:blank")
-
-        return browser, page
-
-    def _handle_new_page(self, page: Page):
-        """Handle the creation of a new page."""
-        print("New page created")
-        self._page = page
-        page.on("close", self._handle_page_close)
-
-    def _handle_page_close(self, page: Page):
-        """Handle the closure of a page."""
-        print("Page closed")
-        if self._page == page:
-            if self._browser.contexts[0].pages:
-                self._page = self._browser.contexts[0].pages[-1]
-            else:
-                print("Warning: All pages have been closed.")
-                self._page = None
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/kernel_computer.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/kernel_computer.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1c2e1936
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/kernel_computer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import base64
+import json
+import time
+from typing import List, Dict, Any
+
+from kernel import Kernel
+
+# CUA model key names -> X11 keysym names for the Kernel computer API
+KEYSYM_MAP = {
+    "ENTER": "Return",
+    "Enter": "Return",
+    "RETURN": "Return",
+    "BACKSPACE": "BackSpace",
+    "Backspace": "BackSpace",
+    "DELETE": "Delete",
+    "TAB": "Tab",
+    "ESCAPE": "Escape",
+    "Escape": "Escape",
+    "ESC": "Escape",
+    "SPACE": "space",
+    "Space": "space",
+    "UP": "Up",
+    "DOWN": "Down",
+    "LEFT": "Left",
+    "RIGHT": "Right",
+    "HOME": "Home",
+    "END": "End",
+    "PAGEUP": "Prior",
+    "PAGE_UP": "Prior",
+    "PageUp": "Prior",
+    "PAGEDOWN": "Next",
+    "PAGE_DOWN": "Next",
+    "PageDown": "Next",
+    "CAPS_LOCK": "Caps_Lock",
+    "CapsLock": "Caps_Lock",
+    "CTRL": "Control_L",
+    "Ctrl": "Control_L",
+    "CONTROL": "Control_L",
+    "Control": "Control_L",
+    "ALT": "Alt_L",
+    "Alt": "Alt_L",
+    "SHIFT": "Shift_L",
+    "Shift": "Shift_L",
+    "META": "Super_L",
+    "Meta": "Super_L",
+    "SUPER": "Super_L",
+    "Super": "Super_L",
+    "CMD": "Super_L",
+    "COMMAND": "Super_L",
+    "F1": "F1", "F2": "F2", "F3": "F3", "F4": "F4",
+    "F5": "F5", "F6": "F6", "F7": "F7", "F8": "F8",
+    "F9": "F9", "F10": "F10", "F11": "F11", "F12": "F12",
+    "INSERT": "Insert",
+    "Insert": "Insert",
+    "PRINT": "Print",
+    "SCROLLLOCK": "Scroll_Lock",
+    "PAUSE": "Pause",
+    "NUMLOCK": "Num_Lock",
+}
+
+
+def _translate_keys(keys: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+    return [KEYSYM_MAP.get(k, k) for k in keys]
+
+
+def _normalize_button(button) -> str:
+    if button is None:
+        return "left"
+    if isinstance(button, int):
+        return {1: "left", 2: "middle", 3: "right"}.get(button, "left")
+    return str(button)
+
+
+def _translate_cua_action(action: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    action_type = action.get("type", "")
+    if action_type == "click":
+        return {
+            "type": "click_mouse",
+            "click_mouse": {
+                "x": action.get("x", 0),
+                "y": action.get("y", 0),
+                "button": _normalize_button(action.get("button")),
+            },
+        }
+    elif action_type == "double_click":
+        return {
+            "type": "click_mouse",
+            "click_mouse": {
+                "x": action.get("x", 0),
+                "y": action.get("y", 0),
+                "num_clicks": 2,
+            },
+        }
+    elif action_type == "type":
+        return {"type": "type_text", "type_text": {"text": action.get("text", "")}}
+    elif action_type == "keypress":
+        return {"type": "press_key", "press_key": {"keys": _translate_keys(action.get("keys", []))}}
+    elif action_type == "scroll":
+        return {
+            "type": "scroll",
+            "scroll": {
+                "x": action.get("x", 0),
+                "y": action.get("y", 0),
+                "delta_x": action.get("scroll_x", 0),
+                "delta_y": action.get("scroll_y", 0),
+            },
+        }
+    elif action_type == "move":
+        return {"type": "move_mouse", "move_mouse": {"x": action.get("x", 0), "y": action.get("y", 0)}}
+    elif action_type == "drag":
+        path = [[p["x"], p["y"]] for p in action.get("path", [])]
+        return {"type": "drag_mouse", "drag_mouse": {"path": path}}
+    elif action_type == "wait":
+        return {"type": "sleep", "sleep": {"duration_ms": action.get("ms", 1000)}}
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown CUA action type: {action_type}")
+
+
+class KernelComputer:
+    """Wraps Kernel's native computer control API for browser automation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, client: Kernel, session_id: str):
+        self.client = client
+        self.session_id = session_id
+
+    def get_environment(self):
+        return "browser"
+
+    def get_dimensions(self):
+        return (1024, 768)
+
+    def screenshot(self) -> str:
+        resp = self.client.browsers.computer.capture_screenshot(self.session_id)
+        return base64.b64encode(resp.read()).decode("utf-8")
+
+    def click(self, x: int, y: int, button="left") -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.click_mouse(self.session_id, x=x, y=y, button=_normalize_button(button))
+
+    def double_click(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.click_mouse(self.session_id, x=x, y=y, num_clicks=2)
+
+    def type(self, text: str) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.type_text(self.session_id, text=text)
+
+    def keypress(self, keys: List[str]) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.press_key(self.session_id, keys=_translate_keys(keys))
+
+    def scroll(self, x: int, y: int, scroll_x: int, scroll_y: int) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.scroll(self.session_id, x=x, y=y, delta_x=scroll_x, delta_y=scroll_y)
+
+    def move(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.computer.move_mouse(self.session_id, x=x, y=y)
+
+    def drag(self, path: List[Dict[str, int]]) -> None:
+        p = [[pt["x"], pt["y"]] for pt in path]
+        self.client.browsers.computer.drag_mouse(self.session_id, path=p)
+
+    def wait(self, ms: int = 1000) -> None:
+        time.sleep(ms / 1000)
+
+    def batch_actions(self, actions: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
+        translated = [_translate_cua_action(a) for a in actions]
+        self.client.browsers.computer.batch(self.session_id, actions=translated)
+
+    def goto(self, url: str) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.playwright.execute(
+            self.session_id, code=f"await page.goto({json.dumps(url)})"
+        )
+
+    def back(self) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.playwright.execute(self.session_id, code="await page.goBack()")
+
+    def forward(self) -> None:
+        self.client.browsers.playwright.execute(self.session_id, code="await page.goForward()")
+
+    def get_current_url(self) -> str:
+        result = self.client.browsers.playwright.execute(self.session_id, code="return page.url()")
+        return result.result if result.result else ""
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/__init__.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29b..00000000
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/base_playwright.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/base_playwright.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c38e24f..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/computers/shared/base_playwright.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-import time
-import base64
-from typing import List, Dict, Literal
-from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright, Browser, Page
-from utils import check_blocklisted_url
-
-# Optional: key mapping if your model uses "CUA" style keys
-CUA_KEY_TO_PLAYWRIGHT_KEY = {
-    "/": "Divide",
-    "\\": "Backslash",
-    "alt": "Alt",
-    "arrowdown": "ArrowDown",
-    "arrowleft": "ArrowLeft",
-    "arrowright": "ArrowRight",
-    "arrowup": "ArrowUp",
-    "backspace": "Backspace",
-    "capslock": "CapsLock",
-    "cmd": "Meta",
-    "ctrl": "Control",
-    "delete": "Delete",
-    "end": "End",
-    "enter": "Enter",
-    "esc": "Escape",
-    "home": "Home",
-    "insert": "Insert",
-    "option": "Alt",
-    "pagedown": "PageDown",
-    "pageup": "PageUp",
-    "shift": "Shift",
-    "space": " ",
-    "super": "Meta",
-    "tab": "Tab",
-    "win": "Meta",
-}
-
-
-class BasePlaywrightComputer:
-    """
-    Abstract base for Playwright-based computers:
-
-      - Subclasses override `_get_browser_and_page()` to do local or remote connection,
-        returning (Browser, Page).
-      - This base class handles context creation (`__enter__`/`__exit__`),
-        plus standard "Computer" actions like click, scroll, etc.
-      - We also have extra browser actions: `goto(url)` and `back()`.
-    """
-
-    def get_environment(self):
-        return "browser"
-
-    def get_dimensions(self):
-        return (1024, 768)
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self._playwright = None
-        self._browser: Browser | None = None
-        self._page: Page | None = None
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        # Start Playwright and call the subclass hook for getting browser/page
-        self._playwright = sync_playwright().start()
-        self._browser, self._page = self._get_browser_and_page()
-
-        # Set up network interception to flag URLs matching domains in BLOCKED_DOMAINS
-        def handle_route(route, request):
-
-            url = request.url
-            if check_blocklisted_url(url):
-                print(f"Flagging blocked domain: {url}")
-                route.abort()
-            else:
-                route.continue_()
-
-        self._page.route("**/*", handle_route)
-
-        return self
-
-    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
-        if self._browser:
-            self._browser.close()
-        if self._playwright:
-            self._playwright.stop()
-
-    def get_current_url(self) -> str:
-        return self._page.url
-
-    # --- Common "Computer" actions ---
-    def screenshot(self) -> str:
-        """Capture only the viewport (not full_page)."""
-        png_bytes = self._page.screenshot(full_page=False)
-        return base64.b64encode(png_bytes).decode("utf-8")
-
-    def click(self, x: int, y: int, button: str = "left") -> None:
-        match button:
-            case "back":
-                self.back()
-            case "forward":
-                self.forward()
-            case "wheel":
-                self._page.mouse.wheel(x, y)
-            case _:
-                button_mapping = {"left": "left", "right": "right"}
-                button_type = button_mapping.get(button, "left")
-                self._page.mouse.click(x, y, button=button_type)
-
-    def double_click(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
-        self._page.mouse.dblclick(x, y)
-
-    def scroll(self, x: int, y: int, scroll_x: int, scroll_y: int) -> None:
-        self._page.mouse.move(x, y)
-        self._page.evaluate(f"window.scrollBy({scroll_x}, {scroll_y})")
-
-    def type(self, text: str) -> None:
-        self._page.keyboard.type(text)
-
-    def wait(self, ms: int = 1000) -> None:
-        time.sleep(ms / 1000)
-
-    def move(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
-        self._page.mouse.move(x, y)
-
-    def keypress(self, keys: List[str]) -> None:
-        mapped_keys = [CUA_KEY_TO_PLAYWRIGHT_KEY.get(key.lower(), key) for key in keys]
-        for key in mapped_keys:
-            self._page.keyboard.down(key)
-        for key in reversed(mapped_keys):
-            self._page.keyboard.up(key)
-
-    def drag(self, path: List[Dict[str, int]]) -> None:
-        if not path:
-            return
-        self._page.mouse.move(path[0]["x"], path[0]["y"])
-        self._page.mouse.down()
-        for point in path[1:]:
-            self._page.mouse.move(point["x"], point["y"])
-        self._page.mouse.up()
-
-    # --- Extra browser-oriented actions ---
-    def goto(self, url: str) -> None:
-        try:
-            return self._page.goto(url)
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error navigating to {url}: {e}")
-
-    def back(self) -> None:
-        return self._page.go_back()
-
-    def forward(self) -> None:
-        return self._page.go_forward()
-
-    # --- Subclass hook ---
-    def _get_browser_and_page(self) -> tuple[Browser, Page]:
-        """Subclasses must implement, returning (Browser, Page)."""
-        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/main.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/main.py
index 6ab17b17..77c6964b 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/main.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/main.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 import kernel
 from agent import Agent
-from computers.default import KernelPlaywrightBrowser
+from computers.kernel_computer import KernelComputer
 from kernel import Kernel
 
 """
@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@ async def cua_task(
     ctx: kernel.KernelContext,
     payload: CuaInput,
 ) -> CuaOutput:
-    # A function that processes a user task using the kernel browser and agent
-
     if not payload or not payload.get("task"):
         raise ValueError("task is required")
 
@@ -52,55 +50,49 @@ async def cua_task(
         client.browsers.create, invocation_id=ctx.invocation_id, stealth=True
     )
     print("Kernel browser live view url: ", kernel_browser.browser_live_view_url)
-    cdp_ws_url = kernel_browser.cdp_ws_url
 
     def run_agent():
-        with KernelPlaywrightBrowser({"cdp_ws_url": cdp_ws_url}) as computer:
-            # Navigate to DuckDuckGo as starting page (less likely to trigger captchas than Google)
-            computer.goto("https://duckduckgo.com")
-
-            # messages to provide to the agent
-            items = [
-                {
-                    "role": "system",
-                    "content": f"- Current date and time: {datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat()} ({datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A')})",
-                },
-                {"role": "user", "content": payload["task"]},
-            ]
-
-            # setup the agent
-            agent = Agent(
-                computer=computer,
-                tools=[],  # can provide additional tools to the agent
-                acknowledge_safety_check_callback=lambda message: (
-                    print(f"> agent : safety check message (skipping): {message}")
-                    or True
-                ),  # safety check function , now defaults to true
-            )
-
-            # run the agent
-            response_items = agent.run_full_turn(
-                items,
-                debug=True,
-                show_images=False,
-            )
-
-            if not response_items or "content" not in response_items[-1]:
-                raise ValueError("No response from agent")
-            # The content may be a list of blocks, get the first text block
-            content = response_items[-1]["content"]
-            if (
-                isinstance(content, list)
-                and content
-                and isinstance(content[0], dict)
-                and "text" in content[0]
-            ):
-                result = content[0]["text"]
-            elif isinstance(content, str):
-                result = content
-            else:
-                result = str(content)
-            return {"result": result}
+        computer = KernelComputer(client, kernel_browser.session_id)
+        computer.goto("https://duckduckgo.com")
+
+        items = [
+            {
+                "role": "system",
+                "content": f"- Current date and time: {datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat()} ({datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A')})",
+            },
+            {"role": "user", "content": payload["task"]},
+        ]
+
+        agent = Agent(
+            computer=computer,
+            tools=[],
+            acknowledge_safety_check_callback=lambda message: (
+                print(f"> agent : safety check message (skipping): {message}")
+                or True
+            ),
+        )
+
+        response_items = agent.run_full_turn(
+            items,
+            debug=True,
+            show_images=False,
+        )
+
+        if not response_items or "content" not in response_items[-1]:
+            raise ValueError("No response from agent")
+        content = response_items[-1]["content"]
+        if (
+            isinstance(content, list)
+            and content
+            and isinstance(content[0], dict)
+            and "text" in content[0]
+        ):
+            result = content[0]["text"]
+        elif isinstance(content, str):
+            result = content
+        else:
+            result = str(content)
+        return {"result": result}
 
     try:
         return await asyncio.to_thread(run_agent)
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/pyproject.toml b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/pyproject.toml
index 3ea73870..47e45577 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/pyproject.toml
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.11"
 dependencies = [
     "httpx>=0.28.1",
-    "pillow>=12.0.0",
-    "kernel>=0.23.0",
-    "playwright>=1.56.0",
-    "pydantic>=2.12.5",
+    "kernel>=0.38.0",
     "python-dotenv>=1.2.1",
     "requests>=2.32.5",
 ]
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/test_local.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/test_local.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7897cd35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/test_local.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""
+Local test script that creates a remote Kernel browser and runs the CUA agent.
+No Kernel app deployment needed.
+
+Usage:
+    KERNEL_API_KEY=... OPENAI_API_KEY=... uv run test_local.py
+"""
+
+import datetime
+import os
+import json
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+load_dotenv(override=True)
+
+from kernel import Kernel
+from agent import Agent
+from computers.kernel_computer import KernelComputer
+
+
+def main():
+    if not os.getenv("KERNEL_API_KEY"):
+        raise ValueError("KERNEL_API_KEY is not set")
+    if not os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"):
+        raise ValueError("OPENAI_API_KEY is not set")
+
+    client = Kernel(api_key=os.getenv("KERNEL_API_KEY"))
+    browser = client.browsers.create(timeout_seconds=300)
+    print(f"> Browser session: {browser.session_id}")
+    print(f"> Live view: {browser.browser_live_view_url}")
+
+    computer = KernelComputer(client, browser.session_id)
+
+    try:
+        computer.goto("https://duckduckgo.com")
+
+        items = [
+            {
+                "role": "system",
+                "content": f"- Current date and time: {datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat()} ({datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A')})",
+            },
+            {
+                "role": "user",
+                "content": "go to ebay.com and look up oberheim ob-x prices and give me a report",
+            },
+        ]
+
+        agent = Agent(
+            computer=computer,
+            tools=[],
+            acknowledge_safety_check_callback=lambda message: (
+                print(f"> safety check: {message}") or True
+            ),
+        )
+
+        response_items = agent.run_full_turn(
+            items,
+            debug=True,
+            show_images=False,
+        )
+
+        print(json.dumps(response_items, indent=2, default=str))
+    finally:
+        client.browsers.delete_by_id(browser.session_id)
+        print("> Browser session deleted")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/utils.py b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/utils.py
index b17ee811..fe795ad2 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/utils.py
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/utils.py
@@ -2,10 +2,6 @@
 import requests
 from dotenv import load_dotenv
 import json
-import base64
-from PIL import Image
-from io import BytesIO
-import io
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 load_dotenv(override=True)
@@ -21,19 +17,19 @@
 
 
 def pp(obj):
-    print(json.dumps(obj, indent=4))
+    print(json.dumps(obj, indent=4, default=str))
 
 
 def show_image(base_64_image):
-    image_data = base64.b64decode(base_64_image)
-    image = Image.open(BytesIO(image_data))
-    image.show()
-
-
-def calculate_image_dimensions(base_64_image):
-    image_data = base64.b64decode(base_64_image)
-    image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_data))
-    return image.size
+    import base64
+    from io import BytesIO
+    try:
+        from PIL import Image
+        image_data = base64.b64decode(base_64_image)
+        image = Image.open(BytesIO(image_data))
+        image.show()
+    except ImportError:
+        print("[show_image] PIL not installed, skipping image display")
 
 
 def sanitize_message(msg: dict) -> dict:
@@ -68,7 +64,10 @@ def create_response(**kwargs):
 
 def check_blocklisted_url(url: str) -> None:
     """Raise ValueError if the given URL (including subdomains) is in the blocklist."""
-    hostname = urlparse(url).hostname or ""
+    try:
+        hostname = urlparse(url).hostname or ""
+    except Exception:
+        return
     if any(
         hostname == blocked or hostname.endswith(f".{blocked}")
         for blocked in BLOCKED_DOMAINS
diff --git a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/uv.lock b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/uv.lock
index 5ab5090c..42620637 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/uv.lock
+++ b/pkg/templates/python/openai-computer-use/uv.lock
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 version = 1
-revision = 2
+revision = 3
 requires-python = ">=3.11"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -115,53 +115,6 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/12/b3/231ffd4ab1fc9d679809f356cebee130ac7daa00d6d6f3206dd4fd137e9e/distro-1.9.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:7bffd925d65168f85027d8da9af6bddab658135b840670a223589bc0c8ef02b2", size = 20277, upload-time = "2023-12-24T09:54:30.421Z" },
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "greenlet"
-version = "3.3.0"
-source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c7/e5/40dbda2736893e3e53d25838e0f19a2b417dfc122b9989c91918db30b5d3/greenlet-3.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:a82bb225a4e9e4d653dd2fb7b8b2d36e4fb25bc0165422a11e48b88e9e6f78fb", size = 190651, upload-time = "2025-12-04T14:49:44.05Z" }
-wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/cb/48e964c452ca2b92175a9b2dca037a553036cb053ba69e284650ce755f13/greenlet-3.3.0-cp311-cp311-macosx_11_0_universal2.whl", hash = "sha256:e29f3018580e8412d6aaf5641bb7745d38c85228dacf51a73bd4e26ddf2a6a8e", size = 274908, upload-time = "2025-12-04T14:23:26.435Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/28/da/38d7bff4d0277b594ec557f479d65272a893f1f2a716cad91efeb8680953/greenlet-3.3.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_aarch64.manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:a687205fb22794e838f947e2194c0566d3812966b41c78709554aa883183fb62", size = 577113, upload-time = "2025-12-04T14:50:05.493Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3c/f2/89c5eb0faddc3ff014f1c04467d67dee0d1d334ab81fadbf3744847f8a8a/greenlet-3.3.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_ppc64le.manylinux_2_28_ppc64le.whl", hash = "sha256:4243050a88ba61842186cb9e63c7dfa677ec146160b0efd73b855a3d9c7fcf32", size = 590338, upload-time = "2025-12-04T14:57:41.136Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/80/d7/db0a5085035d05134f8c089643da2b44cc9b80647c39e93129c5ef170d8f/greenlet-3.3.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_s390x.manylinux_2_28_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:670d0f94cd302d81796e37299bcd04b95d62403883b24225c6b5271466612f45", size = 601098, upload-time = "2025-12-04T15:07:11.898Z" },
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/dc/a6/e959a127b630a58e23529972dbc868c107f9d583b5a9f878fb858c46bc1a/greenlet-3.3.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_24_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:6cb3a8ec3db4a3b0eb8a3c25436c2d49e3505821802074969db017b87bc6a948", size = 590206, upload-time = "2025-12-04T14:26:01.254Z" },
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@@ -444,27 +291,21 @@ wheels = [
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 [[package]]
-name = "python-cua"
+name = "python-openai-cua"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = { virtual = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "httpx" },
     { name = "kernel" },
-    { name = "pillow" },
-    { name = "playwright" },
-    { name = "pydantic" },
     { name = "python-dotenv" },
     { name = "requests" },
 ]
@@ -472,23 +313,11 @@ dependencies = [
 [package.metadata]
 requires-dist = [
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-    { name = "playwright", specifier = ">=1.56.0" },
-    { name = "pydantic", specifier = ">=2.12.5" },
+    { name = "kernel", specifier = ">=0.38.0" },
     { name = "python-dotenv", specifier = ">=1.2.1" },
     { name = "requests", specifier = ">=2.32.5" },
 ]
 
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-
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 name = "requests"
 version = "2.32.5"
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/.env.example b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/.env.example
index b74e0a29..3ff84207 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/.env.example
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/.env.example
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
-# Copy this file to .env and fill in your API key
+# Copy this file to .env and fill in your API keys
 OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_here
+KERNEL_API_KEY=your_kernel_api_key_here
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/README.md b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/README.md
index 6ac98411..36f408a9 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/README.md
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/README.md
@@ -1,8 +1,25 @@
 # Kernel TypeScript Sample App - OpenAI Computer Use
 
-This is a Kernel application that demonstrates using the Computer Use Agent (CUA) from OpenAI.
+This is a Kernel application that demonstrates using the Computer Use Agent (CUA) from OpenAI with Kernel's native browser control API.
 
-It generally follows the [OpenAI CUA Sample App Reference](https://github.com/openai/openai-cua-sample-app) and uses Playwright via Kernel for browser automation.
-Also makes use of the latest OpenAI SDK format, and has local equivalent to Kernel methods for local testing before deploying on Kernel.
+It uses Kernel's computer control endpoints (screenshot, click, type, scroll, batch, etc.) instead of Playwright, and includes a `batch_computer_actions` tool that executes multiple actions in a single API call for lower latency.
 
-See the [docs](https://www.kernel.sh/docs/quickstart) for information.
+## Local testing
+
+You can test against a remote Kernel browser without deploying:
+
+```bash
+cp .env.example .env
+# Fill in OPENAI_API_KEY and KERNEL_API_KEY in .env
+pnpm install
+pnpm run test:local
+```
+
+## Deploy to Kernel
+
+```bash
+kernel deploy index.ts --env-file .env
+kernel invoke ts-openai-cua cua-task -p '{"task":"Go to https://news.ycombinator.com and get the top 5 articles"}'
+```
+
+See the [docs](https://www.kernel.sh/docs/quickstart) for more information.
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/index.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/index.ts
index 30c26477..014105fc 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/index.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Kernel, type KernelContext } from '@onkernel/sdk';
 import 'dotenv/config';
 import type { ResponseItem, ResponseOutputMessage } from 'openai/resources/responses/responses';
 import { Agent } from './lib/agent';
-import computers from './lib/computers';
+import { KernelComputer } from './lib/kernel-computer';
 
 interface CuaInput {
   task: string;
@@ -42,10 +42,9 @@ app.action<CuaInput, CuaOutput>(
     const kb = await kernel.browsers.create({ invocation_id: ctx.invocation_id });
     console.log('> Kernel browser live view url:', kb.browser_live_view_url);
 
-    try {
-      const { computer } = await computers.create({ type: 'kernel', cdp_ws_url: kb.cdp_ws_url });
+    const computer = new KernelComputer(kernel, kb.session_id);
 
-      // Navigate to DuckDuckGo as starting page (less likely to trigger captchas than Google)
+    try {
       await computer.goto('https://duckduckgo.com');
 
       const agent = new Agent({
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ app.action<CuaInput, CuaOutput>(
         },
       });
 
-      // run agent and get response
       const logs = await agent.runFullTurn({
         messages: [
           {
@@ -81,7 +79,6 @@ app.action<CuaInput, CuaOutput>(
 
       const elapsed = parseFloat(((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(2));
 
-      // filter only LLM messages
       const messages = logs.filter(
         (item): item is ResponseOutputMessage =>
           item.type === 'message' &&
@@ -93,18 +90,11 @@ app.action<CuaInput, CuaOutput>(
       const lastContent = lastContentIndex >= 0 ? assistant?.content?.[lastContentIndex] : null;
       const answer = lastContent && 'text' in lastContent ? lastContent.text : null;
 
-      return {
-        // logs, // optionally, get the full agent run messages logs
-        elapsed,
-        answer,
-      };
+      return { elapsed, answer };
     } catch (error) {
       const elapsed = parseFloat(((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(2));
       console.error('Error in cua-task:', error);
-      return {
-        elapsed,
-        answer: null,
-      };
+      return { elapsed, answer: null };
     } finally {
       await kernel.browsers.deleteByID(kb.session_id);
     }
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/agent.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/agent.ts
index 97441654..0ff0dbc4 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/agent.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/agent.ts
@@ -7,22 +7,19 @@ import {
   type ResponseComputerToolCall,
   type ResponseComputerToolCallOutputItem,
   type ComputerTool,
+  type Tool,
 } from 'openai/resources/responses/responses';
 
 import * as utils from './utils';
-import toolset from './toolset';
-import type { BasePlaywrightComputer } from './playwright/base';
-import type { LocalPlaywrightComputer } from './playwright/local';
-import type { KernelPlaywrightComputer } from './playwright/kernel';
+import { batchInstructions, batchComputerTool, navigationTools } from './toolset';
+import type { KernelComputer } from './kernel-computer';
+
+const BATCH_FUNC_NAME = 'batch_computer_actions';
 
 export class Agent {
   private model: string;
-  private computer:
-    | BasePlaywrightComputer
-    | LocalPlaywrightComputer
-    | KernelPlaywrightComputer
-    | undefined;
-  private tools: ComputerTool[];
+  private computer: KernelComputer;
+  private tools: Tool[];
   private print_steps = true;
   private debug = false;
   private show_images = false;
@@ -30,28 +27,26 @@ export class Agent {
 
   constructor(opts: {
     model?: string;
-    computer?:
-      | BasePlaywrightComputer
-      | LocalPlaywrightComputer
-      | KernelPlaywrightComputer
-      | undefined;
-    tools?: ComputerTool[];
+    computer: KernelComputer;
+    tools?: Tool[];
     acknowledge_safety_check_callback?: (msg: string) => boolean;
   }) {
     this.model = opts.model ?? 'computer-use-preview';
     this.computer = opts.computer;
-    this.tools = [...toolset.shared, ...(opts.tools ?? [])] as ComputerTool[];
     this.ackCb = opts.acknowledge_safety_check_callback ?? ((): boolean => true);
 
-    if (this.computer) {
-      const [w, h] = this.computer.getDimensions();
-      this.tools.push({
+    const [w, h] = this.computer.getDimensions();
+    this.tools = [
+      ...navigationTools,
+      batchComputerTool,
+      ...(opts.tools ?? []),
+      {
         type: 'computer_use_preview',
         display_width: w,
         display_height: h,
         environment: this.computer.getEnvironment(),
-      });
-    }
+      } as ComputerTool,
+    ];
   }
 
   private debugPrint(...args: unknown[]): void {
@@ -80,10 +75,18 @@ export class Agent {
       const fc = item as ResponseFunctionToolCallItem;
       const argsObj = JSON.parse(fc.arguments) as Record<string, unknown>;
       if (this.print_steps) console.log(`${fc.name}(${JSON.stringify(argsObj)})`);
-      if (this.computer) {
-        const fn = (this.computer as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)[fc.name];
-        if (typeof fn === 'function')
-          await (fn as (...a: unknown[]) => unknown)(...Object.values(argsObj));
+
+      if (fc.name === BATCH_FUNC_NAME) {
+        return this.handleBatchCall(fc.call_id, argsObj);
+      }
+
+      // Navigation tools (goto, back, forward)
+      const navFn = (this.computer as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)[fc.name];
+      if (typeof navFn === 'function') {
+        await (navFn as (...a: unknown[]) => unknown).call(
+          this.computer,
+          ...Object.values(argsObj),
+        );
       }
       return [
         {
@@ -98,34 +101,99 @@ export class Agent {
       const cc = item as ResponseComputerToolCall;
       const { type: actionType, ...actionArgs } = cc.action;
       if (this.print_steps) console.log(`${actionType}(${JSON.stringify(actionArgs)})`);
-      if (this.computer) {
-        const fn = (this.computer as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)[actionType as string];
-        if (typeof fn === 'function') {
-          await (fn as (...a: unknown[]) => unknown)(...Object.values(actionArgs));
-          const screenshot = await this.computer.screenshot();
-          const pending = cc.pending_safety_checks ?? [];
-          for (const { message } of pending)
-            if (!this.ackCb(message)) throw new Error(`Safety check failed: ${message}`);
-          const out: Omit<ResponseComputerToolCallOutputItem, 'id'> = {
-            type: 'computer_call_output',
-            call_id: cc.call_id,
-            // id: "?", // <---- omitting to work - need to determine id source, != call_id
-            acknowledged_safety_checks: pending,
-            output: {
-              type: 'computer_screenshot',
-              image_url: `data:image/webp;base64,${screenshot}`,
-            },
-          };
-          if (this.computer.getEnvironment() === 'browser')
-            utils.checkBlocklistedUrl(this.computer.getCurrentUrl());
-          return [out as ResponseItem];
-        }
+
+      await this.executeComputerAction(actionType as string, cc.action as unknown as Record<string, unknown>);
+      const screenshot = await this.computer.screenshot();
+
+      const pending = cc.pending_safety_checks ?? [];
+      for (const check of pending) {
+        const msg = check.message ?? '';
+        if (!this.ackCb(msg)) throw new Error(`Safety check failed: ${msg}`);
       }
+
+      const currentUrl = await this.computer.getCurrentUrl();
+      utils.checkBlocklistedUrl(currentUrl);
+
+      const out: Omit<ResponseComputerToolCallOutputItem, 'id'> = {
+        type: 'computer_call_output',
+        call_id: cc.call_id,
+        acknowledged_safety_checks: pending,
+        output: {
+          type: 'computer_screenshot',
+          image_url: `data:image/png;base64,${screenshot}`,
+        },
+      };
+      return [out as ResponseItem];
     }
 
     return [];
   }
 
+  private async executeComputerAction(
+    actionType: string,
+    action: Record<string, unknown>,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    switch (actionType) {
+      case 'click':
+        await this.computer.click(
+          action.x as number,
+          action.y as number,
+          (action.button as string) ?? 'left',
+        );
+        break;
+      case 'double_click':
+        await this.computer.doubleClick(action.x as number, action.y as number);
+        break;
+      case 'type':
+        await this.computer.type(action.text as string);
+        break;
+      case 'keypress':
+        await this.computer.keypress(action.keys as string[]);
+        break;
+      case 'scroll':
+        await this.computer.scroll(
+          action.x as number,
+          action.y as number,
+          (action.scroll_x as number) ?? 0,
+          (action.scroll_y as number) ?? 0,
+        );
+        break;
+      case 'move':
+        await this.computer.move(action.x as number, action.y as number);
+        break;
+      case 'drag':
+        await this.computer.drag(action.path as Array<{ x: number; y: number }>);
+        break;
+      case 'wait':
+        await this.computer.wait((action.ms as number) ?? 1000);
+        break;
+      case 'screenshot':
+        break;
+      default:
+        console.warn(`Unknown computer action: ${actionType}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async handleBatchCall(
+    callId: string,
+    argsObj: Record<string, unknown>,
+  ): Promise<ResponseItem[]> {
+    const actions = argsObj.actions as unknown as Parameters<typeof this.computer.batchActions>[0];
+    await this.computer.batchActions(actions);
+
+    const screenshot = await this.computer.screenshot();
+    return [
+      {
+        type: 'function_call_output',
+        call_id: callId,
+        output: JSON.stringify([
+          { type: 'text', text: 'Actions executed successfully.' },
+          { type: 'image_url', image_url: `data:image/png;base64,${screenshot}` },
+        ]),
+      } as unknown as ResponseFunctionToolCallOutputItem,
+    ];
+  }
+
   async runFullTurn(opts: {
     messages: ResponseInputItem[];
     print_steps?: boolean;
@@ -141,49 +209,16 @@ export class Agent {
       newItems.length === 0 ||
       (newItems[newItems.length - 1] as ResponseItem & { role?: string }).role !== 'assistant'
     ) {
-      // Add current URL to system message if in browser environment
       const inputMessages = [...opts.messages];
 
-      if (this.computer?.getEnvironment() === 'browser') {
-        const current_url = this.computer.getCurrentUrl();
-        // Find system message by checking if it has a role property with value 'system'
-        const sysIndex = inputMessages.findIndex((msg) => 'role' in msg && msg.role === 'system');
-
-        if (sysIndex >= 0) {
-          const msg = inputMessages[sysIndex];
-          const urlInfo = `\n- Current URL: ${current_url}`;
-
-          // Create a properly typed message based on the original
-          if (msg && 'content' in msg) {
-            if (typeof msg.content === 'string') {
-              // Create a new message with the updated content
-              const updatedMsg = {
-                ...msg,
-                content: msg.content + urlInfo,
-              };
-              // Type assertion to ensure compatibility
-              inputMessages[sysIndex] = updatedMsg as typeof msg;
-            } else if (Array.isArray(msg.content) && msg.content.length > 0) {
-              // Handle array content case
-              const updatedContent = [...msg.content];
-
-              // Check if first item has text property
-              if (updatedContent[0] && 'text' in updatedContent[0]) {
-                updatedContent[0] = {
-                  ...updatedContent[0],
-                  text: updatedContent[0].text + urlInfo,
-                };
-              }
-
-              // Create updated message with new content
-              const updatedMsg = {
-                ...msg,
-                content: updatedContent,
-              };
-              // Type assertion to ensure compatibility
-              inputMessages[sysIndex] = updatedMsg as typeof msg;
-            }
-          }
+      // Append current URL context to system message
+      const currentUrl = await this.computer.getCurrentUrl();
+      const sysIndex = inputMessages.findIndex((msg) => 'role' in msg && msg.role === 'system');
+      if (sysIndex >= 0) {
+        const msg = inputMessages[sysIndex];
+        const urlInfo = `\n- Current URL: ${currentUrl}`;
+        if (msg && 'content' in msg && typeof msg.content === 'string') {
+          inputMessages[sysIndex] = { ...msg, content: msg.content + urlInfo } as typeof msg;
         }
       }
 
@@ -193,6 +228,7 @@ export class Agent {
         input: [...inputMessages, ...newItems],
         tools: this.tools,
         truncation: 'auto',
+        instructions: batchInstructions,
       });
       if (!response.output) throw new Error('No output from model');
       for (const msg of response.output as ResponseItem[]) {
@@ -200,7 +236,6 @@ export class Agent {
       }
     }
 
-    // Return sanitized messages if show_images is false
     return !this.show_images
       ? newItems.map((msg) => utils.sanitizeMessage(msg) as ResponseItem)
       : newItems;
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/computers.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/computers.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 5828fc8e..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/computers.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-import { KernelPlaywrightComputer } from './playwright/kernel';
-import { LocalPlaywrightComputer } from './playwright/local';
-
-interface KernelConfig {
-  type: 'kernel';
-  cdp_ws_url: string;
-}
-interface LocalConfig {
-  type: 'local';
-  headless?: boolean;
-}
-type ComputerConfig = KernelConfig | LocalConfig;
-
-export default {
-  async create(
-    cfg: ComputerConfig,
-  ): Promise<{ computer: KernelPlaywrightComputer | LocalPlaywrightComputer }> {
-    if (cfg.type === 'kernel') {
-      const computer = new KernelPlaywrightComputer(cfg.cdp_ws_url);
-      await computer.enter();
-      return { computer };
-    } else {
-      const computer = new LocalPlaywrightComputer(cfg.headless ?? false);
-      await computer.enter();
-      return { computer };
-    }
-  },
-};
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/kernel-computer.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/kernel-computer.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c2f32264
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/kernel-computer.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+import { Kernel } from '@onkernel/sdk';
+
+// CUA model key names -> X11 keysym names for the Kernel computer API
+const KEYSYM_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
+  ENTER: 'Return',
+  Enter: 'Return',
+  RETURN: 'Return',
+  BACKSPACE: 'BackSpace',
+  Backspace: 'BackSpace',
+  DELETE: 'Delete',
+  TAB: 'Tab',
+  ESCAPE: 'Escape',
+  Escape: 'Escape',
+  ESC: 'Escape',
+  SPACE: 'space',
+  Space: 'space',
+  UP: 'Up',
+  DOWN: 'Down',
+  LEFT: 'Left',
+  RIGHT: 'Right',
+  HOME: 'Home',
+  END: 'End',
+  PAGEUP: 'Prior',
+  PAGE_UP: 'Prior',
+  PageUp: 'Prior',
+  PAGEDOWN: 'Next',
+  PAGE_DOWN: 'Next',
+  PageDown: 'Next',
+  CAPS_LOCK: 'Caps_Lock',
+  CapsLock: 'Caps_Lock',
+  CTRL: 'Control_L',
+  Ctrl: 'Control_L',
+  CONTROL: 'Control_L',
+  Control: 'Control_L',
+  ALT: 'Alt_L',
+  Alt: 'Alt_L',
+  SHIFT: 'Shift_L',
+  Shift: 'Shift_L',
+  META: 'Super_L',
+  Meta: 'Super_L',
+  SUPER: 'Super_L',
+  Super: 'Super_L',
+  CMD: 'Super_L',
+  COMMAND: 'Super_L',
+  F1: 'F1',
+  F2: 'F2',
+  F3: 'F3',
+  F4: 'F4',
+  F5: 'F5',
+  F6: 'F6',
+  F7: 'F7',
+  F8: 'F8',
+  F9: 'F9',
+  F10: 'F10',
+  F11: 'F11',
+  F12: 'F12',
+  INSERT: 'Insert',
+  Insert: 'Insert',
+  PRINT: 'Print',
+  SCROLLLOCK: 'Scroll_Lock',
+  PAUSE: 'Pause',
+  NUMLOCK: 'Num_Lock',
+};
+
+function translateKeys(keys: string[]): string[] {
+  return keys.map((k) => KEYSYM_MAP[k] ?? k);
+}
+
+interface CuaAction {
+  type: string;
+  x?: number;
+  y?: number;
+  text?: string;
+  keys?: string[];
+  button?: string | number;
+  scroll_x?: number;
+  scroll_y?: number;
+  ms?: number;
+  path?: Array<{ x: number; y: number }>;
+}
+
+type BatchAction = {
+  type: 'click_mouse' | 'move_mouse' | 'type_text' | 'press_key' | 'scroll' | 'drag_mouse' | 'sleep';
+  click_mouse?: { x: number; y: number; button?: string; num_clicks?: number };
+  move_mouse?: { x: number; y: number };
+  type_text?: { text: string };
+  press_key?: { keys: string[] };
+  scroll?: { x: number; y: number; delta_x?: number; delta_y?: number };
+  drag_mouse?: { path: number[][] };
+  sleep?: { duration_ms: number };
+};
+
+function normalizeButton(button?: string | number): string {
+  if (button === undefined || button === null) return 'left';
+  if (typeof button === 'number') {
+    switch (button) {
+      case 1: return 'left';
+      case 2: return 'middle';
+      case 3: return 'right';
+      default: return 'left';
+    }
+  }
+  return button;
+}
+
+function translateCuaAction(action: CuaAction): BatchAction {
+  switch (action.type) {
+    case 'click':
+      return {
+        type: 'click_mouse',
+        click_mouse: { x: action.x ?? 0, y: action.y ?? 0, button: normalizeButton(action.button) },
+      };
+    case 'double_click':
+      return {
+        type: 'click_mouse',
+        click_mouse: { x: action.x ?? 0, y: action.y ?? 0, num_clicks: 2 },
+      };
+    case 'type':
+      return { type: 'type_text', type_text: { text: action.text ?? '' } };
+    case 'keypress':
+      return { type: 'press_key', press_key: { keys: translateKeys(action.keys ?? []) } };
+    case 'scroll':
+      return {
+        type: 'scroll',
+        scroll: {
+          x: action.x ?? 0,
+          y: action.y ?? 0,
+          delta_x: action.scroll_x ?? 0,
+          delta_y: action.scroll_y ?? 0,
+        },
+      };
+    case 'move':
+      return { type: 'move_mouse', move_mouse: { x: action.x ?? 0, y: action.y ?? 0 } };
+    case 'drag': {
+      const path = (action.path ?? []).map((p) => [p.x, p.y]);
+      return { type: 'drag_mouse', drag_mouse: { path } };
+    }
+    case 'wait':
+      return { type: 'sleep', sleep: { duration_ms: action.ms ?? 1000 } };
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unknown CUA action type: ${action.type}`);
+  }
+}
+
+export class KernelComputer {
+  private client: Kernel;
+  private sessionId: string;
+  private width = 1024;
+  private height = 768;
+
+  constructor(client: Kernel, sessionId: string) {
+    this.client = client;
+    this.sessionId = sessionId;
+  }
+
+  getEnvironment(): 'browser' {
+    return 'browser';
+  }
+
+  getDimensions(): [number, number] {
+    return [this.width, this.height];
+  }
+
+  async screenshot(): Promise<string> {
+    const resp = await this.client.browsers.computer.captureScreenshot(this.sessionId);
+    const buf = Buffer.from(await resp.arrayBuffer());
+    return buf.toString('base64');
+  }
+
+  async click(x: number, y: number, button: string | number = 'left'): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.clickMouse(this.sessionId, {
+      x,
+      y,
+      button: normalizeButton(button) as 'left' | 'right' | 'middle',
+    });
+  }
+
+  async doubleClick(x: number, y: number): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.clickMouse(this.sessionId, { x, y, num_clicks: 2 });
+  }
+
+  async type(text: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.typeText(this.sessionId, { text });
+  }
+
+  async keypress(keys: string[]): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.pressKey(this.sessionId, { keys: translateKeys(keys) });
+  }
+
+  async scroll(x: number, y: number, scrollX: number, scrollY: number): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.scroll(this.sessionId, {
+      x,
+      y,
+      delta_x: scrollX,
+      delta_y: scrollY,
+    });
+  }
+
+  async move(x: number, y: number): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.moveMouse(this.sessionId, { x, y });
+  }
+
+  async drag(path: Array<{ x: number; y: number }>): Promise<void> {
+    const p = path.map((pt) => [pt.x, pt.y]);
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.dragMouse(this.sessionId, { path: p });
+  }
+
+  async wait(ms = 1000): Promise<void> {
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+  }
+
+  async batchActions(actions: CuaAction[]): Promise<void> {
+    const translated = actions.map(translateCuaAction);
+    await this.client.browsers.computer.batch(this.sessionId, {
+      actions: translated as Parameters<typeof this.client.browsers.computer.batch>[1]['actions'],
+    });
+  }
+
+  async goto(url: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.playwright.execute(this.sessionId, {
+      code: `await page.goto(${JSON.stringify(url)})`,
+    });
+  }
+
+  async back(): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.playwright.execute(this.sessionId, {
+      code: 'await page.goBack()',
+    });
+  }
+
+  async forward(): Promise<void> {
+    await this.client.browsers.playwright.execute(this.sessionId, {
+      code: 'await page.goForward()',
+    });
+  }
+
+  async getCurrentUrl(): Promise<string> {
+    const result = await this.client.browsers.playwright.execute(this.sessionId, {
+      code: 'return page.url()',
+    });
+    return (result.result as string) ?? '';
+  }
+}
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/base.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/base.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index b43a7d2d..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/base.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,242 +0,0 @@
-import type { Browser, Page, Request, Response, Route } from 'playwright-core';
-import sharp from 'sharp';
-import utils from '../utils';
-
-// CUA key -> Playwright key mapping
-const KEY_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
-  '/': '/',
-  '\\': '\\',
-  alt: 'Alt',
-  arrowdown: 'ArrowDown',
-  arrowleft: 'ArrowLeft',
-  arrowright: 'ArrowRight',
-  arrowup: 'ArrowUp',
-  backspace: 'Backspace',
-  capslock: 'CapsLock',
-  cmd: 'Meta',
-  ctrl: 'Control',
-  delete: 'Delete',
-  end: 'End',
-  enter: 'Enter',
-  esc: 'Escape',
-  home: 'Home',
-  insert: 'Insert',
-  option: 'Alt',
-  pagedown: 'PageDown',
-  pageup: 'PageUp',
-  shift: 'Shift',
-  space: ' ',
-  super: 'Meta',
-  tab: 'Tab',
-  win: 'Meta',
-};
-
-interface Point {
-  x: number;
-  y: number;
-}
-
-export class BasePlaywrightComputer {
-  protected _browser: Browser | null = null;
-  protected _page: Page | null = null;
-
-  constructor() {
-    this._browser = null;
-    this._page = null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Type guard to assert that this._page is present and is a Playwright Page.
-   * Throws an error if not present.
-   */
-  protected _assertPage(): asserts this is { _page: Page } {
-    if (!this._page) {
-      throw new Error('Playwright Page is not initialized. Did you forget to call enter()?');
-    }
-  }
-
-  protected _handleNewPage = (page: Page): void => {
-    /** Handle the creation of a new page. */
-    console.log('New page created');
-    this._page = page;
-    page.on('close', this._handlePageClose.bind(this));
-  };
-
-  protected _handlePageClose = (page: Page): void => {
-    /** Handle the closure of a page. */
-    console.log('Page closed');
-    try {
-      this._assertPage();
-    } catch {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (this._page !== page) return;
-
-    const browser = this._browser;
-    if (!browser || typeof browser.contexts !== 'function') {
-      console.log('Warning: Browser or context not available.');
-      this._page = undefined as unknown as Page;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const contexts = browser.contexts();
-    if (!contexts.length) {
-      console.log('Warning: No browser contexts available.');
-      this._page = undefined as unknown as Page;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const context = contexts[0];
-    if (!context || typeof context.pages !== 'function') {
-      console.log('Warning: Context pages not available.');
-      this._page = undefined as unknown as Page;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const pages = context.pages();
-    if (pages.length) {
-      this._page = pages[pages.length - 1] as Page;
-    } else {
-      console.log('Warning: All pages have been closed.');
-      this._page = undefined as unknown as Page;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Subclass hook
-  protected _getBrowserAndPage = async (): Promise<[Browser, Page]> => {
-    // Subclasses must implement, returning [Browser, Page]
-    throw new Error('Subclasses must implement _getBrowserAndPage()');
-  };
-
-  getEnvironment = (): 'windows' | 'mac' | 'linux' | 'ubuntu' | 'browser' => {
-    return 'browser';
-  };
-
-  getDimensions = (): [number, number] => {
-    return [1024, 768];
-  };
-
-  enter = async (): Promise<this> => {
-    // Call the subclass hook for getting browser/page
-    [this._browser, this._page] = await this._getBrowserAndPage();
-
-    // Set up network interception to flag URLs matching domains in BLOCKED_DOMAINS
-    const handleRoute = (route: Route, request: Request): void => {
-      const url = request.url();
-      if (utils.checkBlocklistedUrl(url)) {
-        console.log(`Flagging blocked domain: ${url}`);
-        route.abort();
-      } else {
-        route.continue();
-      }
-    };
-
-    this._assertPage();
-    await this._page.route('**/*', handleRoute);
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  exit = async (): Promise<void> => {
-    if (this._browser) await this._browser.close();
-  };
-
-  getCurrentUrl = (): string => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    return this._page.url();
-  };
-
-  screenshot = async (): Promise<string> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    const buf = await this._page.screenshot({ fullPage: false });
-    const webp = await sharp(buf).webp().toBuffer();
-    return webp.toString('base64');
-  };
-
-  click = async (
-    button: 'left' | 'right' | 'back' | 'forward' | 'wheel',
-    x: number,
-    y: number,
-  ): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    switch (button) {
-      case 'back':
-        await this.back();
-        return;
-      case 'forward':
-        await this.forward();
-        return;
-      case 'wheel':
-        await this._page.mouse.wheel(x, y);
-        return;
-      default: {
-        const btn = button === 'right' ? 'right' : 'left';
-        await this._page.mouse.click(x, y, { button: btn });
-        return;
-      }
-    }
-  };
-
-  doubleClick = async (x: number, y: number): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    await this._page.mouse.dblclick(x, y);
-  };
-
-  scroll = async (x: number, y: number, scrollX: number, scrollY: number): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    await this._page.mouse.move(x, y);
-    await this._page.evaluate(
-      (params: { dx: number; dy: number }) => window.scrollBy(params.dx, params.dy),
-      { dx: scrollX, dy: scrollY },
-    );
-  };
-
-  type = async (text: string): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    await this._page.keyboard.type(text);
-  };
-
-  keypress = async (keys: string[]): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    const mapped = keys.map((k) => KEY_MAP[k.toLowerCase()] ?? k);
-    for (const k of mapped) await this._page.keyboard.down(k);
-    for (const k of [...mapped].reverse()) await this._page.keyboard.up(k);
-  };
-
-  wait = async (ms = 1000): Promise<void> => {
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
-  };
-
-  move = async (x: number, y: number): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    await this._page.mouse.move(x, y);
-  };
-
-  drag = async (path: Point[]): Promise<void> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    const first = path[0];
-    if (!first) return;
-    await this._page.mouse.move(first.x, first.y);
-    await this._page.mouse.down();
-    for (const pt of path.slice(1)) await this._page.mouse.move(pt.x, pt.y);
-    await this._page.mouse.up();
-  };
-
-  goto = async (url: string): Promise<Response | null> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    try {
-      return await this._page.goto(url);
-    } catch {
-      return null;
-    }
-  };
-
-  back = async (): Promise<Response | null> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    return (await this._page.goBack()) || null;
-  };
-
-  forward = async (): Promise<Response | null> => {
-    this._assertPage();
-    return (await this._page.goForward()) || null;
-  };
-}
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/kernel.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/kernel.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 4dd0c869..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/kernel.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-import { chromium, type Browser, type Page } from 'playwright-core';
-import { BasePlaywrightComputer } from './base';
-
-/**
- * KernelPlaywrightComputer connects to a remote browser instance via CDP WebSocket URL.
- * Similar to LocalPlaywrightComputer but uses an existing browser instance instead of launching one.
- */
-export class KernelPlaywrightComputer extends BasePlaywrightComputer {
-  private cdp_ws_url: string;
-
-  constructor(cdp_ws_url: string) {
-    super();
-    this.cdp_ws_url = cdp_ws_url;
-  }
-
-  _getBrowserAndPage = async (): Promise<[Browser, Page]> => {
-    const [width, height] = this.getDimensions();
-
-    // Connect to existing browser instance via CDP
-    const browser = await chromium.connectOverCDP(this.cdp_ws_url);
-
-    // Get existing context or create new one
-    let context = browser.contexts()[0];
-    if (!context) {
-      context = await browser.newContext();
-    }
-
-    // Add event listeners for page creation and closure
-    context.on('page', this._handleNewPage.bind(this));
-
-    // Get existing page or create new one
-    let page = context.pages()[0];
-    if (!page) {
-      page = await context.newPage();
-    }
-
-    // Set viewport size
-    await page.setViewportSize({ width, height });
-    page.on('close', this._handlePageClose.bind(this));
-
-    return [browser, page];
-  };
-}
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/local.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/local.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index d0437801..00000000
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/playwright/local.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-import { chromium, type Browser, type Page } from 'playwright-core';
-import { BasePlaywrightComputer } from './base';
-
-/**
- * Launches a local Chromium instance using Playwright.
- */
-export class LocalPlaywrightComputer extends BasePlaywrightComputer {
-  private headless: boolean;
-
-  constructor(headless = false) {
-    super();
-    this.headless = headless;
-  }
-
-  _getBrowserAndPage = async (): Promise<[Browser, Page]> => {
-    const [width, height] = this.getDimensions();
-    const launchArgs = [
-      `--window-size=${width},${height}`,
-      '--disable-extensions',
-      '--disable-file-system',
-    ];
-
-    const browser = await chromium.launch({
-      headless: this.headless,
-      args: launchArgs,
-      env: { DISPLAY: ':0' },
-    });
-
-    const context = await browser.newContext();
-
-    // Add event listeners for page creation and closure
-    context.on('page', this._handleNewPage.bind(this));
-
-    const page = await context.newPage();
-    await page.setViewportSize({ width, height });
-    page.on('close', this._handlePageClose.bind(this));
-
-    await page.goto('https://duckduckgo.com');
-
-    // console.dir({debug_getBrowserAndPage: [browser, page]});
-    return [browser, page];
-  };
-}
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/toolset.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/toolset.ts
index 2999d0bd..4cd39321 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/toolset.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/toolset.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,57 @@
-const shared = [
+export const batchInstructions = `You have two ways to perform actions:
+1. The standard computer tool — use for single actions when you need screenshot feedback after each step.
+2. batch_computer_actions — use to execute multiple actions at once when you can predict the outcome.
+
+ALWAYS prefer batch_computer_actions when performing predictable sequences like:
+- Clicking a text field, typing text, and pressing Enter
+- Typing a URL and pressing Enter
+- Any sequence where you don't need to see intermediate results`;
+
+export const batchComputerTool = {
+  type: 'function' as const,
+  name: 'batch_computer_actions',
+  description:
+    'Execute multiple computer actions in sequence without waiting for ' +
+    'screenshots between them. Use this when you can predict the outcome of a ' +
+    'sequence of actions without needing intermediate visual feedback. After all ' +
+    'actions execute, a single screenshot is taken and returned.\n\n' +
+    'PREFER this over individual computer actions when:\n' +
+    '- Typing text followed by pressing Enter\n' +
+    '- Clicking a field and then typing into it\n' +
+    '- Any sequence where intermediate screenshots are not needed',
+  parameters: {
+    type: 'object',
+    properties: {
+      actions: {
+        type: 'array',
+        description: 'Ordered list of actions to execute',
+        items: {
+          type: 'object',
+          properties: {
+            type: {
+              type: 'string',
+              enum: ['click', 'double_click', 'type', 'keypress', 'scroll', 'move', 'drag', 'wait'],
+            },
+            x: { type: 'number' },
+            y: { type: 'number' },
+            text: { type: 'string' },
+            keys: { type: 'array', items: { type: 'string' } },
+            button: { type: 'string' },
+            scroll_x: { type: 'number' },
+            scroll_y: { type: 'number' },
+          },
+          required: ['type'],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+    required: ['actions'],
+  },
+  strict: false,
+};
+
+export const navigationTools = [
   {
-    type: 'function',
+    type: 'function' as const,
     name: 'goto',
     description: 'Go to a specific URL.',
     parameters: {
@@ -14,9 +65,10 @@ const shared = [
       additionalProperties: false,
       required: ['url'],
     },
+    strict: false,
   },
   {
-    type: 'function',
+    type: 'function' as const,
     name: 'back',
     description: 'Navigate back in the browser history.',
     parameters: {
@@ -24,9 +76,10 @@ const shared = [
       properties: {},
       additionalProperties: false,
     },
+    strict: false,
   },
   {
-    type: 'function',
+    type: 'function' as const,
     name: 'forward',
     description: 'Navigate forward in the browser history.',
     parameters: {
@@ -34,7 +87,6 @@ const shared = [
       properties: {},
       additionalProperties: false,
     },
+    strict: false,
   },
 ];
-
-export default { shared };
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/utils.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/utils.ts
index f2dc0fd5..da503cd8 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/utils.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/lib/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import 'dotenv/config';
-import sharp from 'sharp';
 import OpenAI from 'openai';
 import { type ResponseItem } from 'openai/resources/responses/responses';
 const openai = new OpenAI();
@@ -13,13 +12,6 @@ const BLOCKED_DOMAINS: readonly string[] = [
   'ilanbigio.com',
 ] as const;
 
-export async function calculateImageDimensions(
-  base64Image: string,
-): Promise<{ width: number; height: number }> {
-  const buf = Buffer.from(base64Image, 'base64');
-  const meta = await sharp(buf).metadata();
-  return { width: meta.width ?? 0, height: meta.height ?? 0 };
-}
 export function sanitizeMessage(msg: ResponseItem): ResponseItem {
   const sanitizedMsg = { ...msg } as ResponseItem;
   if (
@@ -49,12 +41,15 @@ export async function createResponse(
 }
 
 export function checkBlocklistedUrl(url: string): boolean {
-  const host = new URL(url).hostname;
-  return BLOCKED_DOMAINS.some((d) => host === d || host.endsWith(`.${d}`));
+  try {
+    const host = new URL(url).hostname;
+    return BLOCKED_DOMAINS.some((d) => host === d || host.endsWith(`.${d}`));
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
 }
 
 export default {
-  calculateImageDimensions,
   sanitizeMessage,
   createResponse,
   checkBlocklistedUrl,
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/package.json b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/package.json
index bdfa99dc..7fdc55b4 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/package.json
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/package.json
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
   "type": "module",
   "private": true,
   "scripts": {
-    "build": "tsc"
+    "build": "tsc",
+    "test:local": "npx tsx test.local.ts"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@onkernel/sdk": "^0.23.0",
+    "@onkernel/sdk": "^0.38.0",
     "dotenv": "^17.2.3",
-    "openai": "^6.13.0",
-    "playwright-core": "^1.57.0",
-    "sharp": "^0.34.5"
+    "openai": "^6.13.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/node": "^22.15.17",
+    "tsx": "^4.19.0",
     "typescript": "^5.9.3"
   }
 }
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/pnpm-lock.yaml
index c3737350..39dc64d1 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -9,186 +9,208 @@ importers:
   .:
     dependencies:
       '@onkernel/sdk':
-        specifier: ^0.23.0
-        version: 0.23.0
+        specifier: ^0.38.0
+        version: 0.38.0
       dotenv:
         specifier: ^17.2.3
-        version: 17.2.3
+        version: 17.3.1
       openai:
         specifier: ^6.13.0
-        version: 6.13.0
-      playwright-core:
-        specifier: ^1.57.0
-        version: 1.57.0
-      sharp:
-        specifier: ^0.34.5
-        version: 0.34.5
+        version: 6.25.0
     devDependencies:
       '@types/node':
         specifier: ^22.15.17
-        version: 22.19.3
+        version: 22.19.11
+      tsx:
+        specifier: ^4.19.0
+        version: 4.21.0
       typescript:
         specifier: ^5.9.3
         version: 5.9.3
 
 packages:
 
-  '@emnapi/runtime@1.7.1':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-PVtJr5CmLwYAU9PZDMITZoR5iAOShYREoR45EyyLrbntV50mdePTgUn4AmOw90Ifcj+x2kRjdzr1HP3RrNiHGA==}
+  '@esbuild/aix-ppc64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-9fJMTNFTWZMh5qwrBItuziu834eOCUcEqymSH7pY+zoMVEZg3gcPuBNxH1EvfVYe9h0x/Ptw8KBzv7qxb7l8dg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [ppc64]
+    os: [aix]
+
+  '@esbuild/android-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-YdghPYUmj/FX2SYKJ0OZxf+iaKgMsKHVPF1MAq/P8WirnSpCStzKJFjOjzsW0QQ7oIAiccHdcqjbHmJxRb/dmg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [arm64]
+    os: [android]
 
-  '@img/colour@1.0.0':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-A5P/LfWGFSl6nsckYtjw9da+19jB8hkJ6ACTGcDfEJ0aE+l2n2El7dsVM7UVHZQ9s2lmYMWlrS21YLy2IR1LUw==}
+  '@esbuild/android-arm@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-i5D1hPY7GIQmXlXhs2w8AWHhenb00+GxjxRncS2ZM7YNVGNfaMxgzSGuO8o8SJzRc/oZwU2bcScvVERk03QhzA==}
     engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [arm]
+    os: [android]
 
-  '@img/sharp-darwin-arm64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-imtQ3WMJXbMY4fxb/Ndp6HBTNVtWCUI0WdobyheGf5+ad6xX8VIDO8u2xE4qc/fr08CKG/7dDseFtn6M6g/r3w==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/android-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-IN/0BNTkHtk8lkOM8JWAYFg4ORxBkZQf9zXiEOfERX/CzxW3Vg1ewAhU7QSWQpVIzTW+b8Xy+lGzdYXV6UZObQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [x64]
+    os: [android]
+
+  '@esbuild/darwin-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Re491k7ByTVRy0t3EKWajdLIr0gz2kKKfzafkth4Q8A5n1xTHrkqZgLLjFEHVD+AXdUGgQMq+Godfq45mGpCKg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
     os: [darwin]
 
-  '@img/sharp-darwin-x64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-YNEFAF/4KQ/PeW0N+r+aVVsoIY0/qxxikF2SWdp+NRkmMB7y9LBZAVqQ4yhGCm/H3H270OSykqmQMKLBhBJDEw==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/darwin-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-vHk/hA7/1AckjGzRqi6wbo+jaShzRowYip6rt6q7VYEDX4LEy1pZfDpdxCBnGtl+A5zq8iXDcyuxwtv3hNtHFg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
     os: [darwin]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-zqjjo7RatFfFoP0MkQ51jfuFZBnVE2pRiaydKJ1G/rHZvnsrHAOcQALIi9sA5co5xenQdTugCvtb1cuf78Vf4g==}
+  '@esbuild/freebsd-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ipTYM2fjt3kQAYOvo6vcxJx3nBYAzPjgTCk7QEgZG8AUO3ydUhvelmhrbOheMnGOlaSFUoHXB6un+A7q4ygY9w==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [darwin]
+    os: [freebsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-1IOd5xfVhlGwX+zXv2N93k0yMONvUlANylbJw1eTah8K/Jtpi15KC+WSiaX/nBmbm2HxRM1gZ0nSdjSsrZbGKg==}
+  '@esbuild/freebsd-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-dDk0X87T7mI6U3K9VjWtHOXqwAMJBNN2r7bejDsc+j03SEjtD9HrOl8gVFByeM0aJksoUuUVU9TBaZa2rgj0oA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
-    os: [darwin]
+    os: [freebsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-excjX8DfsIcJ10x1Kzr4RcWe1edC9PquDRRPx3YVCvQv+U5p7Yin2s32ftzikXojb1PIFc/9Mt28/y+iRklkrw==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sZOuFz/xWnZ4KH3YfFrKCf1WyPZHakVzTiqji3WDc0BCl2kBwiJLCXpzLzUBLgmp4veFZdvN5ChW4Eq/8Fc2Fg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-bFI7xcKFELdiNCVov8e44Ia4u2byA+l3XtsAj+Q8tfCwO6BQ8iDojYdvoPMqsKDkuoOo+X6HZA0s0q11ANMQ8A==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-arm@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-s6nPv2QkSupJwLYyfS+gwdirm0ukyTFNl3KTgZEAiJDd+iHZcbTPPcWCcRYH+WlNbwChgH2QkE9NSlNrMT8Gfw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-FMuvGijLDYG6lW+b/UvyilUWu5Ayu+3r2d1S8notiGCIyYU/76eig1UfMmkZ7vwgOrzKzlQbFSuQfgm7GYUPpA==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-ia32@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-yGlQYjdxtLdh0a3jHjuwOrxQjOZYD/C9PfdbgJJF3TIZWnm/tMd/RcNiLngiu4iwcBAOezdnSLAwQDPqTmtTYg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [ia32]
+    os: [linux]
+
+  '@esbuild/linux-loong64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-WO60Sn8ly3gtzhyjATDgieJNet/KqsDlX5nRC5Y3oTFcS1l0KWba+SEa9Ja1GfDqSF1z6hif/SkpQJbL63cgOA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [loong64]
+    os: [linux]
+
+  '@esbuild/linux-mips64el@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-APsymYA6sGcZ4pD6k+UxbDjOFSvPWyZhjaiPyl/f79xKxwTnrn5QUnXR5prvetuaSMsb4jgeHewIDCIWljrSxw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    cpu: [mips64el]
+    os: [linux]
+
+  '@esbuild/linux-ppc64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-eizBnTeBefojtDb9nSh4vvVQ3V9Qf9Df01PfawPcRzJH4gFSgrObw+LveUyDoKU3kxi5+9RJTCWlj4FjYXVPEA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [ppc64]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-riscv64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-oVDbcR4zUC0ce82teubSm+x6ETixtKZBh/qbREIOcI3cULzDyb18Sr/Wcyx7NRQeQzOiHTNbZFF1UwPS2scyGA==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-riscv64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-3Emwh0r5wmfm3ssTWRQSyVhbOHvqegUDRd0WhmXKX2mkHJe1SFCMJhagUleMq+Uci34wLSipf8Lagt4LlpRFWQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [riscv64]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-qmp9VrzgPgMoGZyPvrQHqk02uyjA0/QrTO26Tqk6l4ZV0MPWIW6LTkqOIov+J1yEu7MbFQaDpwdwJKhbJvuRxQ==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-s390x@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-pBHUx9LzXWBc7MFIEEL0yD/ZVtNgLytvx60gES28GcWMqil8ElCYR4kvbV2BDqsHOvVDRrOxGySBM9Fcv744hw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [s390x]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-tJxiiLsmHc9Ax1bz3oaOYBURTXGIRDODBqhveVHonrHJ9/+k89qbLl0bcJns+e4t4rvaNBxaEZsFtSfAdquPrw==}
+  '@esbuild/linux-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Czi8yzXUWIQYAtL/2y6vogER8pvcsOsk5cpwL4Gk5nJqH5UZiVByIY8Eorm5R13gq+DQKYg0+JyQoytLQas4dA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
     os: [linux]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-FVQHuwx1IIuNow9QAbYUzJ+En8KcVm9Lk5+uGUQJHaZmMECZmOlix9HnH7n1TRkXMS0pGxIJokIVB9SuqZGGXw==}
+  '@esbuild/netbsd-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sDpk0RgmTCR/5HguIZa9n9u+HVKf40fbEUt+iTzSnCaGvY9kFP0YKBWZtJaraonFnqef5SlJ8/TiPAxzyS+UoA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [netbsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64@1.2.4':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-+LpyBk7L44ZIXwz/VYfglaX/okxezESc6UxDSoyo2Ks6Jxc4Y7sGjpgU9s4PMgqgjj1gZCylTieNamqA1MF7Dg==}
+  '@esbuild/netbsd-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-P14lFKJl/DdaE00LItAukUdZO5iqNH7+PjoBm+fLQjtxfcfFE20Xf5CrLsmZdq5LFFZzb5JMZ9grUwvtVYzjiA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [netbsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-arm64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-bKQzaJRY/bkPOXyKx5EVup7qkaojECG6NLYswgktOZjaXecSAeCWiZwwiFf3/Y+O1HrauiE3FVsGxFg8c24rZg==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/openbsd-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-AIcMP77AvirGbRl/UZFTq5hjXK+2wC7qFRGoHSDrZ5v5b8DK/GYpXW3CPRL53NkvDqb9D+alBiC/dV0Fb7eJcw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [openbsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-arm@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-9dLqsvwtg1uuXBGZKsxem9595+ujv0sJ6Vi8wcTANSFpwV/GONat5eCkzQo/1O6zRIkh0m/8+5BjrRr7jDUSZw==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-    cpu: [arm]
-    os: [linux]
-
-  '@img/sharp-linux-ppc64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-7zznwNaqW6YtsfrGGDA6BRkISKAAE1Jo0QdpNYXNMHu2+0dTrPflTLNkpc8l7MUP5M16ZJcUvysVWWrMefZquA==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-    cpu: [ppc64]
-    os: [linux]
-
-  '@img/sharp-linux-riscv64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-51gJuLPTKa7piYPaVs8GmByo7/U7/7TZOq+cnXJIHZKavIRHAP77e3N2HEl3dgiqdD/w0yUfiJnII77PuDDFdw==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-    cpu: [riscv64]
-    os: [linux]
-
-  '@img/sharp-linux-s390x@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-nQtCk0PdKfho3eC5MrbQoigJ2gd1CgddUMkabUj+rBevs8tZ2cULOx46E7oyX+04WGfABgIwmMC0VqieTiR4jg==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-    cpu: [s390x]
-    os: [linux]
-
-  '@img/sharp-linux-x64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-MEzd8HPKxVxVenwAa+JRPwEC7QFjoPWuS5NZnBt6B3pu7EG2Ge0id1oLHZpPJdn3OQK+BQDiw9zStiHBTJQQQQ==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/openbsd-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-DnW2sRrBzA+YnE70LKqnM3P+z8vehfJWHXECbwBmH/CU51z6FiqTQTHFenPlHmo3a8UgpLyH3PT+87OViOh1AQ==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [openbsd]
 
-  '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-fprJR6GtRsMt6Kyfq44IsChVZeGN97gTD331weR1ex1c1rypDEABN6Tm2xa1wE6lYb5DdEnk03NZPqA7Id21yg==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/openharmony-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-NinAEgr/etERPTsZJ7aEZQvvg/A6IsZG/LgZy+81wON2huV7SrK3e63dU0XhyZP4RKGyTm7aOgmQk0bGp0fy2g==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [openharmony]
 
-  '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Jg8wNT1MUzIvhBFxViqrEhWDGzqymo3sV7z7ZsaWbZNDLXRJZoRGrjulp60YYtV4wfY8VIKcWidjojlLcWrd8Q==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/sunos-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-PanZ+nEz+eWoBJ8/f8HKxTTD172SKwdXebZ0ndd953gt1HRBbhMsaNqjTyYLGLPdoWHy4zLU7bDVJztF5f3BHA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
-    os: [linux]
+    os: [sunos]
 
-  '@img/sharp-wasm32@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-OdWTEiVkY2PHwqkbBI8frFxQQFekHaSSkUIJkwzclWZe64O1X4UlUjqqqLaPbUpMOQk6FBu/HtlGXNblIs0huw==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-    cpu: [wasm32]
-
-  '@img/sharp-win32-arm64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-WQ3AgWCWYSb2yt+IG8mnC6Jdk9Whs7O0gxphblsLvdhSpSTtmu69ZG1Gkb6NuvxsNACwiPV6cNSZNzt0KPsw7g==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/win32-arm64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-B2t59lWWYrbRDw/tjiWOuzSsFh1Y/E95ofKz7rIVYSQkUYBjfSgf6oeYPNWHToFRr2zx52JKApIcAS/D5TUBnA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [arm64]
     os: [win32]
 
-  '@img/sharp-win32-ia32@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-FV9m/7NmeCmSHDD5j4+4pNI8Cp3aW+JvLoXcTUo0IqyjSfAZJ8dIUmijx1qaJsIiU+Hosw6xM5KijAWRJCSgNg==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/win32-ia32@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-QLKSFeXNS8+tHW7tZpMtjlNb7HKau0QDpwm49u0vUp9y1WOF+PEzkU84y9GqYaAVW8aH8f3GcBck26jh54cX4Q==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [ia32]
     os: [win32]
 
-  '@img/sharp-win32-x64@0.34.5':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-+29YMsqY2/9eFEiW93eqWnuLcWcufowXewwSNIT6UwZdUUCrM3oFjMWH/Z6/TMmb4hlFenmfAVbpWeup2jryCw==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
+  '@esbuild/win32-x64@0.27.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-4uJGhsxuptu3OcpVAzli+/gWusVGwZZHTlS63hh++ehExkVT8SgiEf7/uC/PclrPPkLhZqGgCTjd0VWLo6xMqA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
     cpu: [x64]
     os: [win32]
 
-  '@onkernel/sdk@0.23.0':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-P/ez6HU8sO2QvqWATkvC+Wdv+fgto4KfBCHLl2T6EUpoU3LhgOZ/sJP2ZRf/vh5Vh7QR2Vf05RgMaFcIGBGD9Q==}
-
-  '@types/node@22.19.3':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-1N9SBnWYOJTrNZCdh/yJE+t910Y128BoyY+zBLWhL3r0TYzlTmFdXrPwHL9DyFZmlEXNQQolTZh3KHV31QDhyA==}
+  '@onkernel/sdk@0.38.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-BwbC3OkUg9xhdTshyyUi7+vqwC6gjsHpfpFsDAlVe/rzzledBsL3Usf5rrYfk1Bpk72P+OfF2NtUt5HLaVrjvQ==}
 
-  detect-libc@2.1.2:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Btj2BOOO83o3WyH59e8MgXsxEQVcarkUOpEYrubB0urwnN10yQ364rsiByU11nZlqWYZm05i/of7io4mzihBtQ==}
-    engines: {node: '>=8'}
+  '@types/node@22.19.11':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-BH7YwL6rA93ReqeQS1c4bsPpcfOmJasG+Fkr6Y59q83f9M1WcBRHR2vM+P9eOisYRcN3ujQoiZY8uk5W+1WL8w==}
 
-  dotenv@17.2.3:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-JVUnt+DUIzu87TABbhPmNfVdBDt18BLOWjMUFJMSi/Qqg7NTYtabbvSNJGOJ7afbRuv9D/lngizHtP7QyLQ+9w==}
+  dotenv@17.3.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-IO8C/dzEb6O3F9/twg6ZLXz164a2fhTnEWb95H23Dm4OuN+92NmEAlTrupP9VW6Jm3sO26tQlqyvyi4CsnY9GA==}
     engines: {node: '>=12'}
 
-  openai@6.13.0:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-yHbMo+EpNGPG3sRrXvmo0LhUPFN4bAURJw3G17bE+ax1G4tcTFCa9ZjvCWh3cvni0aHY0uWlk2IxcsPH4NR9Ow==}
+  esbuild@0.27.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-8VwMnyGCONIs6cWue2IdpHxHnAjzxnw2Zr7MkVxB2vjmQ2ivqGFb4LEG3SMnv0Gb2F/G/2yA8zUaiL1gywDCCg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+    hasBin: true
+
+  fsevents@2.3.3:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5xoDfX+fL7faATnagmWPpbFtwh/R77WmMMqqHGS65C3vvB0YHrgF+B1YmZ3441tMj5n63k0212XNoJwzlhffQw==}
+    engines: {node: ^8.16.0 || ^10.6.0 || >=11.0.0}
+    os: [darwin]
+
+  get-tsconfig@4.13.6:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-shZT/QMiSHc/YBLxxOkMtgSid5HFoauqCE3/exfsEcwg1WkeqjG+V40yBbBrsD+jW2HDXcs28xOfcbm2jI8Ddw==}
+
+  openai@6.25.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-mEh6VZ2ds2AGGokWARo18aPISI1OhlgdEIC1ewhkZr8pSIT31dec0ecr9Nhxx0JlybyOgoAT1sWeKtwPZzJyww==}
     hasBin: true
     peerDependencies:
       ws: ^8.18.0
@@ -199,23 +221,14 @@ packages:
       zod:
         optional: true
 
-  playwright-core@1.57.0:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-agTcKlMw/mjBWOnD6kFZttAAGHgi/Nw0CZ2o6JqWSbMlI219lAFLZZCyqByTsvVAJq5XA5H8cA6PrvBRpBWEuQ==}
-    engines: {node: '>=18'}
-    hasBin: true
+  resolve-pkg-maps@1.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-seS2Tj26TBVOC2NIc2rOe2y2ZO7efxITtLZcGSOnHHNOQ7CkiUBfw0Iw2ck6xkIhPwLhKNLS8BO+hEpngQlqzw==}
 
-  semver@7.7.3:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-SdsKMrI9TdgjdweUSR9MweHA4EJ8YxHn8DFaDisvhVlUOe4BF1tLD7GAj0lIqWVl+dPb/rExr0Btby5loQm20Q==}
-    engines: {node: '>=10'}
+  tsx@4.21.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-5C1sg4USs1lfG0GFb2RLXsdpXqBSEhAaA/0kPL01wxzpMqLILNxIxIOKiILz+cdg/pLnOUxFYOR5yhHU666wbw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18.0.0'}
     hasBin: true
 
-  sharp@0.34.5:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Ou9I5Ft9WNcCbXrU9cMgPBcCK8LiwLqcbywW3t4oDV37n1pzpuNLsYiAV8eODnjbtQlSDwZ2cUEeQz4E54Hltg==}
-    engines: {node: ^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0}
-
-  tslib@2.8.1:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-oJFu94HQb+KVduSUQL7wnpmqnfmLsOA/nAh6b6EH0wCEoK0/mPeXU6c3wKDV83MkOuHPRHtSXKKU99IBazS/2w==}
-
   typescript@5.9.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-jl1vZzPDinLr9eUt3J/t7V6FgNEw9QjvBPdysz9KfQDD41fQrC2Y4vKQdiaUpFT4bXlb1RHhLpp8wtm6M5TgSw==}
     engines: {node: '>=14.17'}
@@ -226,156 +239,138 @@ packages:
 
 snapshots:
 
-  '@emnapi/runtime@1.7.1':
-    dependencies:
-      tslib: 2.8.1
+  '@esbuild/aix-ppc64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/colour@1.0.0': {}
+  '@esbuild/android-arm64@0.27.3':
+    optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-darwin-arm64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/android-arm@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-darwin-x64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/android-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/darwin-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/darwin-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/freebsd-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/freebsd-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-riscv64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-arm@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-ia32@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-loong64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-mips64el@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64@1.2.4':
+  '@esbuild/linux-ppc64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-arm64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/linux-riscv64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-arm@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/linux-s390x@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-ppc64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/linux-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-riscv64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-riscv64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/netbsd-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-s390x@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/netbsd-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linux-x64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/openbsd-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/openbsd-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64@0.34.5':
-    optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64': 1.2.4
+  '@esbuild/openharmony-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-wasm32@0.34.5':
-    dependencies:
-      '@emnapi/runtime': 1.7.1
+  '@esbuild/sunos-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-win32-arm64@0.34.5':
+  '@esbuild/win32-arm64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-win32-ia32@0.34.5':
+  '@esbuild/win32-ia32@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@img/sharp-win32-x64@0.34.5':
+  '@esbuild/win32-x64@0.27.3':
     optional: true
 
-  '@onkernel/sdk@0.23.0': {}
+  '@onkernel/sdk@0.38.0': {}
 
-  '@types/node@22.19.3':
+  '@types/node@22.19.11':
     dependencies:
       undici-types: 6.21.0
 
-  detect-libc@2.1.2: {}
+  dotenv@17.3.1: {}
 
-  dotenv@17.2.3: {}
+  esbuild@0.27.3:
+    optionalDependencies:
+      '@esbuild/aix-ppc64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/android-arm': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/android-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/android-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/darwin-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/darwin-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/freebsd-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/freebsd-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-arm': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-ia32': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-loong64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-mips64el': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-ppc64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-riscv64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-s390x': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/linux-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/netbsd-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/netbsd-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/openbsd-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/openbsd-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/openharmony-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/sunos-x64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/win32-arm64': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/win32-ia32': 0.27.3
+      '@esbuild/win32-x64': 0.27.3
+
+  fsevents@2.3.3:
+    optional: true
 
-  openai@6.13.0: {}
+  get-tsconfig@4.13.6:
+    dependencies:
+      resolve-pkg-maps: 1.0.0
 
-  playwright-core@1.57.0: {}
+  openai@6.25.0: {}
 
-  semver@7.7.3: {}
+  resolve-pkg-maps@1.0.0: {}
 
-  sharp@0.34.5:
+  tsx@4.21.0:
     dependencies:
-      '@img/colour': 1.0.0
-      detect-libc: 2.1.2
-      semver: 7.7.3
+      esbuild: 0.27.3
+      get-tsconfig: 4.13.6
     optionalDependencies:
-      '@img/sharp-darwin-arm64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-darwin-x64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-riscv64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64': 1.2.4
-      '@img/sharp-linux-arm': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linux-arm64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linux-ppc64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linux-riscv64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linux-s390x': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linux-x64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-wasm32': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-win32-arm64': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-win32-ia32': 0.34.5
-      '@img/sharp-win32-x64': 0.34.5
-
-  tslib@2.8.1:
-    optional: true
+      fsevents: 2.3.3
 
   typescript@5.9.3: {}
 
diff --git a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/test.local.ts b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/test.local.ts
index 23f9a5cc..90375999 100644
--- a/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/test.local.ts
+++ b/pkg/templates/typescript/openai-computer-use/test.local.ts
@@ -1,49 +1,69 @@
 import 'dotenv/config';
+import { Kernel } from '@onkernel/sdk';
 import { Agent } from './lib/agent';
-import computers from './lib/computers';
+import { KernelComputer } from './lib/kernel-computer';
 
-/*
-  to run a local browser test before deploying to kernel
-*/
+/**
+ * Local test script that creates a remote Kernel browser and runs the CUA agent.
+ * No Kernel app deployment needed.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   KERNEL_API_KEY=... OPENAI_API_KEY=... npx tsx test.local.ts
+ */
 
 async function test(): Promise<void> {
-  const { computer } = await computers.create({ type: 'local' });
-  const agent = new Agent({
-    model: 'computer-use-preview',
-    computer,
-    tools: [],
-    acknowledge_safety_check_callback: (m: string): boolean => {
-      console.log(`> safety check: ${m}`);
-      return true;
-    },
-  });
-
-  // run agent and get response
-  const logs = await agent.runFullTurn({
-    messages: [
-      {
-        role: 'system',
-        content: `- Current date and time: ${new Date().toISOString()} (${new Date().toLocaleDateString(
-          'en-US',
-          { weekday: 'long' },
-        )})`,
-      },
-      {
-        type: 'message',
-        role: 'user',
-        content: [
-          {
-            type: 'input_text',
-            text: 'go to ebay.com and look up oberheim ob-x prices and give me a report',
-          },
-        ],
+  if (!process.env.KERNEL_API_KEY) throw new Error('KERNEL_API_KEY is not set');
+  if (!process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY) throw new Error('OPENAI_API_KEY is not set');
+
+  const client = new Kernel({ apiKey: process.env.KERNEL_API_KEY });
+  const browser = await client.browsers.create({ timeout_seconds: 300 });
+  console.log('> Browser session:', browser.session_id);
+  console.log('> Live view:', browser.browser_live_view_url);
+
+  const computer = new KernelComputer(client, browser.session_id);
+
+  try {
+    await computer.goto('https://duckduckgo.com');
+
+    const agent = new Agent({
+      model: 'computer-use-preview',
+      computer,
+      tools: [],
+      acknowledge_safety_check_callback: (m: string): boolean => {
+        console.log(`> safety check: ${m}`);
+        return true;
       },
-    ],
-    print_steps: true,
-    debug: true,
-    show_images: false,
-  });
-  console.dir(logs, { depth: null });
+    });
+
+    const logs = await agent.runFullTurn({
+      messages: [
+        {
+          role: 'system',
+          content: `- Current date and time: ${new Date().toISOString()} (${new Date().toLocaleDateString(
+            'en-US',
+            { weekday: 'long' },
+          )})`,
+        },
+        {
+          type: 'message',
+          role: 'user',
+          content: [
+            {
+              type: 'input_text',
+              text: 'go to ebay.com and look up oberheim ob-x prices and give me a report',
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      ],
+      print_steps: true,
+      debug: true,
+      show_images: false,
+    });
+    console.dir(logs, { depth: null });
+  } finally {
+    await client.browsers.deleteByID(browser.session_id);
+    console.log('> Browser session deleted');
+  }
 }
 
 test();