diff --git a/.github/workflows/bsd.yaml b/.github/workflows/bsd.yaml
index 17662383fd7..74f1142f295 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/bsd.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bsd.yaml
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: freebsd-15.0-gmake-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ jobs:
             # env PATH=$PATH:`pwd`/src/solvers gmake -C regression/cbmc test-cprover-smt2
             # # gmake -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=2
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 7 to 34 minutes
   OpenBSD:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -78,10 +84,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: openbsd-7.7-gmake-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -133,6 +139,12 @@ jobs:
             # env PATH=$PATH:`pwd`/src/solvers gmake -C regression/cbmc test-cprover-smt2
             # # gmake -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=2
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 6 to 29 minutes
   NetBSD:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -140,10 +152,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: netbsd-10.1-gmake-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -197,3 +209,10 @@ jobs:
             # gmake -C regression/cbmc test-paths-lifo
             # env PATH=$PATH:`pwd`/src/solvers gmake -C regression/cbmc test-cprover-smt2
             # # gmake -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=2
+
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Linux.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Linux.yaml
index 31fc894d5f4..fcb06d7c0b3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Linux.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Linux.yaml
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y libssl-dev libelf-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libiberty-dev autoconf
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y gawk jq
 
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-KERNEL
           restore-keys: |
@@ -53,3 +53,9 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: CPROVER-faultyInput
           path: CPROVER/faultyInput/*
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Xen.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Xen.yaml
index 6f1af4731e8..9128210400c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Xen.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-and-test-Xen.yaml
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y bin86 gdb bcc liblzma-dev python3-dev gettext iasl uuid-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev pkg-config
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y libgtk2.0-dev libyajl-dev time ccache clang-19 clang++-19
 
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-XEN
           restore-keys: |
@@ -68,3 +68,9 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Show some goto-cc functions
         run:  $(pwd)/src/cbmc/cbmc --list-goto-functions xen_4_13/xen/xen-syms | grep "arch"
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml b/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
index e4a71b5b452..dd5c40a9785 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Coverage-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -70,3 +70,9 @@ jobs:
           files: build/html/coverage.info
           fail_ci_if_error: true
           verbose: true
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/csmith.yaml b/.github/workflows/csmith.yaml
index 536bfa97366..d81ca1dddeb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/csmith.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/csmith.yaml
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential flex bison maven ccache clang-19 clang++-19
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y csmith libcsmith-dev
           make -C src minisat2-download
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-CSMITH
           restore-keys: |
@@ -46,3 +46,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           export PATH=$PWD/src/cbmc:$PWD/src/goto-cc:$PWD/src/goto-instrument:$PATH
           scripts/csmith.sh 10
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/profiling.yaml b/.github/workflows/profiling.yaml
index 92fd4e42f3e..12fecb27e2b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/profiling.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/profiling.yaml
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo sysctl kernel.perf_event_paranoid=-1
 
       - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .ccache
@@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/save@v5
         with:
           path: .ccache
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-profile-${{ github.sha }}
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
 
   # ── Develop job: profile and publish flamegraphs to GitHub Pages ─────
   profile-develop:
@@ -186,6 +187,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo sysctl kernel.perf_event_paranoid=-1
 
       - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: .ccache
@@ -280,4 +282,4 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/save@v5
         with:
           path: .ccache
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-profile-${{ github.sha }}
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pull-request-check-rust-api.yaml b/.github/workflows/pull-request-check-rust-api.yaml
index 2edf2856d3a..a8ff40a5a39 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-request-check-rust-api.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-request-check-rust-api.yaml
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq clang-13 clang++-13 flex bison libxml2-utils ccache
       - name: Log cargo/rust version
         run: cargo --version
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-cmake-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -69,6 +69,12 @@ jobs:
           CBMC_INCLUDE_DIR=../../${{env.default_include_dir}} CBMC_LIB_DIR=../../${{env.default_build_dir}}/lib CBMC_VERSION=$VERSION cargo test -- --test-threads=1
 
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   check-macos-15-intel-cmake-clang-rust:
     runs-on: macos-15-intel
     steps:
@@ -79,10 +85,10 @@ jobs:
         run: brew install cmake ninja flex bison ccache
       - name: Log cargo/rust version
         run: cargo --version
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-Release-Minisat-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR-Rust-API
           restore-keys: |
@@ -109,3 +115,9 @@ jobs:
           cd src/libcprover-rust;\
           cargo clean;\
           CBMC_INCLUDE_DIR=../../${{env.default_include_dir}} CBMC_LIB_DIR=../../${{env.default_build_dir}}/lib CBMC_VERSION=$VERSION cargo test -- --test-threads=1
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pull-request-checks.yaml b/.github/workflows/pull-request-checks.yaml
index 9acda5bb1ed..02dd7a4211e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-request-checks.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-request-checks.yaml
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -91,6 +91,12 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 25 to 34 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-make-clang:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -117,10 +123,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -157,6 +163,12 @@ jobs:
           make -C regression/cbmc test-cprover-smt2
           make -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job has been copied from the one above it, and modified to only build CBMC
   # and run the `regression/cbmc/` regression tests against Z3. The rest of the tests
   # (unit/regression) have been stripped based on the rationale that they are going
@@ -183,10 +195,10 @@ jobs:
           cpanm Thread::Pool::Simple
       - name: Confirm z3 solver is available and log the version installed
         run: z3 --version
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -205,6 +217,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run regression/cbmc tests with z3 as the backend
         run: make -C regression/cbmc test-z3
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 17 to 42 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -226,10 +244,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -277,6 +295,12 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 20 to 38 minutes
   check-ubuntu-22_04-make-clang:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
@@ -303,10 +327,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-make-clang-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -347,6 +371,12 @@ jobs:
           make -C regression/cbmc test-cprover-smt2
           make -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 17 to 41 minutes
   check-ubuntu-22_04-cmake-gcc:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
@@ -368,10 +398,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -399,6 +429,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: cd build; ctest . -V -L CORE -j${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 14 to 46 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-14:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -426,10 +462,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-gcc-14-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -450,6 +486,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: cd build; ctest . -V -L CORE -j${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 17 to 41 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-arm-cmake-gcc:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
@@ -471,10 +513,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Arm-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -502,6 +544,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: cd build; ctest . -V -L CORE -j${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 14 to 60 minutes
   check-ubuntu-22_04-cmake-gcc-32bit:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
@@ -523,10 +571,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-Release-32-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -547,9 +595,20 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: cd build; ctest . -V -L CORE -j${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 2 to 24 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-KNOWNBUG:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    # Sequenced after check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc so that this job benefits
+    # from the matching ccache produced in the same workflow run. The cmake
+    # configure flags below must stay in sync with that job's so the compile
+    # commands hash identically and ccache hits in full.
+    needs: check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
@@ -562,10 +621,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq cmake ninja-build gcc g++ maven flex bison libxml2-utils ccache z3
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -576,7 +634,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "CCACHE_BASEDIR=$PWD" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "CCACHE_DIR=$PWD/.ccache" >> $GITHUB_ENV
       - name: Configure using CMake
-        run: cmake -H. -Bbuild -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++
+        run: cmake -H. -Bbuild -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++ -Dsat_impl="minisat2;cadical"
       - name: Zero ccache stats and limit in size
         run: ccache -z --max-size=500M
       - name: Build with Ninja
@@ -594,9 +652,16 @@ jobs:
           git checkout -- memory_allocation1 printf1 printf3 union12 va_list3
           ../test.pl -c "cbmc --cprover-smt2" -I broken-smt-backend -K
 
+      # No "Save ccache" step here: the cache is produced by
+      # check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc, which this job depends on.
   # This job takes approximately 7 to 30 minutes
   check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-THOROUGH:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    # Sequenced after check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc so that this job benefits
+    # from the matching ccache produced in the same workflow run. The cmake
+    # configure flags below must stay in sync with that job's so the compile
+    # commands hash identically and ccache hits in full.
+    needs: check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
@@ -609,10 +674,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -yq cmake ninja-build gcc g++ maven flex bison libxml2-utils ccache z3
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -633,6 +697,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: cd build; ctest . -V -L THOROUGH -j${{env.linux-vcpus}}
 
+      # No "Save ccache" step here: the cache is produced by
+      # check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc, which this job depends on.
   # This job takes approximately 39 to 69 minutes
   check-macos-15-intel-make-clang:
     runs-on: macos-15-intel
@@ -651,10 +717,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-make-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -688,6 +754,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run JBMC regression tests
         run: make -C jbmc/regression test-parallel JOBS=4
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 36 to 85 minutes
   check-macos-14-cmake-clang:
     runs-on: macos-14
@@ -703,10 +775,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -730,6 +802,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run CTest
         run: cd build; ctest -V -L CORE . -j3
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 49 to 70 minutes
   check-vs-2025-cmake-build-and-test:
     runs-on: windows-2025
@@ -783,10 +861,10 @@ jobs:
         run: z3 --version
       - name: Confirm cvc5 solver is available and log the version installed
         run: cvc5 --version
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-msbuild-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -812,6 +890,12 @@ jobs:
           Set-Location build
           ctest -V -L CORE -C Release . -j${{env.windows-vcpus}}
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 65 to 84 minutes
   check-vs-2022-make-build-and-test:
     runs-on: windows-2022
@@ -870,10 +954,10 @@ jobs:
         run: cvc5 --version
       - name: Initialise Developer Command Line
         uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-msbuild-make-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PR
           restore-keys: |
@@ -911,6 +995,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run CBMC regression tests
         run: make CXX=clcache BUILD_ENV=MSVC -j${{env.windows-vcpus}} -C regression test-parallel-jobs
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 7 to 32 minutes
   windows-msi-package:
     runs-on: windows-2025
@@ -952,10 +1042,10 @@ jobs:
           Require-Tool win_bison
           nuget install clcache -OutputDirectory "c:\tools" -ExcludeVersion -Version 4.1.0
           echo "c:\tools\clcache\clcache-4.1.0" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-msbuild-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-PKG
           restore-keys: |
@@ -983,6 +1073,12 @@ jobs:
           echo "msi_installer=build/$msi_name" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "msi_name=$msi_name" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   # This job takes approximately 2 to 3 minutes
   check-string-table:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-packages.yaml b/.github/workflows/release-packages.yaml
index b5309cf5f61..946407b02cb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-packages.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-packages.yaml
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-RELEASEPKG
-          restore-keys:
+          restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}
             ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Release
       - name: ccache environment
@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ jobs:
           SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK }}
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "${{ job.status == 'success' && 'Ubuntu 24.04 package built and uploaded successfully' || 'Ubuntu 24.04 package build failed' }}"
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   ubuntu-24_04-arm-package:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
     env:
@@ -89,13 +95,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Arm-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-RELEASEPKG
-          restore-keys:
+          restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Arm-Release-${{ github.ref }}
             ${{ runner.os }}-24.04-Arm-Release
       - name: ccache environment
@@ -136,6 +142,12 @@ jobs:
           SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK }}
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "${{ job.status == 'success' && 'Ubuntu 24.04 Arm package built and uploaded successfully' || 'Ubuntu 24.04 Arm package build failed' }}"
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   ubuntu-22_04-package:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     env:
@@ -154,13 +166,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-cvc5
         with:
           version: ${{ env.cvc5-version }}
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-RELEASEPKG
-          restore-keys:
+          restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-Release-${{ github.ref }}
             ${{ runner.os }}-22.04-Release
       - name: ccache environment
@@ -201,6 +213,12 @@ jobs:
           SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK }}
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "${{ job.status == 'success' && 'Ubuntu 22.04 package built and uploaded successfully' || 'Ubuntu 22.04 package build failed' }}"
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   homebrew-pr:
     runs-on: macos-15-intel
     steps:
@@ -277,10 +295,10 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           dotnet tool install --global AzureSignTool --version 5.0.0
           echo "$(Split-Path -Path $(Get-ChildItem -Path "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Windows Kits\10\App Certification Kit\signtool.exe"))" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
-      - name: Prepare ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        id: restore-ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
-          save-always: true
           path: .ccache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-msbuild-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}-RELEASEPKG
           restore-keys: |
@@ -347,6 +365,12 @@ jobs:
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "${{ job.status == 'success' && 'Windows package built and uploaded successfully' || 'Windows package build failed' }}"
         run: go run scripts/slack_notification_action.go
 
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: .ccache
+          key: ${{ steps.restore-ccache.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
   push-docker-image-dockerhub:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps: